The Effect Of Planting Density And Field Arrangement To The Population Structure And Yield Of Corn

Along with the increase of planting density, ventilation and light of maize population become worse, and also the solar energy utilization decline. So, how to improve the corn canopy structure and how to optimize the air and light conditions of the group become the key factor to increase corn production. The experiment was finished in Ya’an, Shehong and Shuangliu in Sichuan province in2010. The number6of ZHENGHONG was used as the material, with three plant density of37480plants per hm2(Bl),48725plants per hm2(B2),59970plants per hm2(B3), setting four configurations, such as odd and even strains, equal row space(1.0m+1.0m) and wide and narrow row(1.5m+0.5m). The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of planting density and field arrangement to the population structure and production of corn. The results of research mainly include the following aspects:1.The effect of plant density and field arrangement to the production of corn and components.The production of three pilot increased along with the increasing of the plant density, compared to the middle density and low density, the high density increased11.4%and24.8%. With the different plant density and row spacing, the production of individual plant cultivation were higher than double plant cultivation, which was about5.3%higher. At the same time, the interaction effect exist between row spacing and plant density and experiment pilots. The production of equal row space was higher than wide and narrow row space under the condition of the low density. Expecilly in Shehong and Shuangliu, the former increased9.0%. But whit the condition of the high plant density, the difference between equal row space and wide and narrow row space reduced. The former just increased2.4%. The production of individual wide and narrow plant was slightly higher than that of equal row space in Ya’an and Shuangliu. But the production of individual equal row space was highest in Shehong, and the difference between the other results was not significant.So we can conclude that plant density take a kind of significant effect to the yield component factors. The three pilot showed that ear length shorten, bald elongate, row number, grain number and grain weight diminish along with the increase of plant density. Meanwhile, row space and individual and double play a smaller effect to the production of the plant.2. The effect of plant density and yield arrangement to the plant traits of the corn.Plant height and ear height became higher along with the increase of plant density. Wide and narrow row was higher than spacing, cultivation was higher than double plant cultivation.3. The effect of plant density and yield arrangement to the maize population climate of the corn.The average temperature of the canopy showed that the temperature of the canopy narrow row was higher than that of the equal canopy, which was higher than that of wide canopy. And the temperature of the wide canopy is higher than that of the equal canopy. Meanwhile under the B1and B2plant density, the average temperature of the spike layer showed the temperature of equal spike is higher than that of narrow spike, which is higher than that of wide spike. But under the condition of B3density, narrow is higher than that of equal, which was higher than that of wide row.Under the three plant density, the temperature of the canopy and spike layer showed the temperature of the wide row was higher than that of equal row, which was higher than that of the narrow row. The wind speed of the equal row was higher than that of the wide row in the plant density of B1, which was contrary to the density of B2and B2.The soil heat flux firstly rose and then decline from the pm four clock to the next pm1clock. Along with the increase of the soil heat flux became smaller. The soil heat flux of the equal row was higher than that of the narrow row in the three plant density.4. The effect of plant density and yield arrangement to the light distribution of the corn.The total PAR interception rate became larger and larger along with the increase of the plant density, and became smaller and smaller along with the row space. The upper PAR interception rate became larger and larger along with the plant density, and the rate of the narrow was higher than that of the equal row, which was higher than that of the wide row. The results of the lower were contrary to the upper condition. Under the three plant density in the three different pilot, PAR interception of the spike layer showed the rate of equal row was higher than that of the wide row. The results indicated that the equal row is good to increase the light intensity of spike layer.The total LAI became higher and higher along with the plant density, but the difference of LAI became smaller under the same plant density. Under the three plant density in the three pilots showed that the LAI of the equal row was higher than that of wide row.5. The effect of plant density and yield arrangement to the dynamic accumulation of the dry matter of the corn.The accumulation of the individual was became higher and higher along with the increase of the plant density, which was contrary to that of populations. As a whole, the accumulation of the dry matter showed the accumulation of equal row is higher than that of the wide row under the density of B1. In the stage of jointing and silking, the NAR and RGR of small density was higher than that of high density. And the wide row was higher than that of equal row; and individual was higher than that of double row.From the results above, we can concluded that if we want to improve the production of the corn, we should select the higher plant density. The high plant density was the base of higher production. And meanwhile, we also select the best yield arrangement. The individual developmental potency should be given full play. So the individuals got the coordinated development, thus ensuring high and stable production. Combined with the high and stable factors, the experiment indentified that the59970plants per hm2of ZHENGHONG number6and A1C1were the best yield arrangement to improve the production of the corn.