| In recent years, Harbin government obtain a significant effect through investing in road planting, but there are still some problems in plant arrangement of its roads. This paper studies on the plant arrangement of Harbin urban district's roads, makes every effort to provide certain basis on how to arrange plants scientifically and reasonably. Adopting random investigation and the typical sampling method, we have investigated 78 roads of different levels, taking 299 samples, studies on the composition of plant species, quantity, frequency, choice of local resources, the esthetic cognition of the public to the plant arrangement, the allocation feature of arbor, shrub and herbage, the plant breed and allocation form how to influence the road landscape, simultaneously have evaluated and compared the plant arrangement of the typical roads, to find the problems of the plant arrangement of Harbin roads, and discuss the corresponding countermeasure to solve the problem. The study results as follows:(1) According to 11 elements of three aspects, including the number of configurations, plant species' abundance and diversity of artificial communities, the proportion of fast-growing and slow-growing plants, the proportion of evergreen and broad-leaved plants, the combinations of arbor, shrub and herbage, the growth fettle of plants, the management level,the plane composition, vertical composition and color composition of plants, adopting AHP for the comprehensive evaluation of typical roads. Its consolidated scores more than 6.5 points,we can consider that the allocation is better, only three roads in Harbin more than 6.5 points, account for 4%, the result shows that plant arrangement of Harbin is in a lower level. For the evaluation results, we should plan to adopt countermeasure to enrich plant species, focuse on the introduction of the seasonal appearance of plant, increase the species and quantity tof evergreen, enrich plant arrangement form, pay attention to structural design of arbor, shrub and herbage, at the same time pay attention to maintenance management of roads.(2) There are 63 arbor and shrub species in Harin district's roads, including 38 arbor and 25 species shrub, 6 evergreen trees among them. There are 41 species plants belongs to the local resources, accounts for 65.1% of the plant species of Harbin roads, it doesn't reach the 70% standards of ecological city.(3) The satisfaction of the public about ehetic cognition of the plant arrangement of Harbin roads is very low, only 2%.People who prefer plant landscape with more configuration and color, who prefer the allocation of arbor, shrub and herbage, who prefer evergreen plant and arbor are more than 47%. Therefore we should take measures to increase the proportion of evergreen and arbor, increase the seasonal appearance of plant, use the structure of arbor, shrub and herbage, as far as possible. (4) Greening trees are overly concentrated on Populus alba berolinensis, Salix matsudana, Ulmus pumila, Picea koraiensis , Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica , Syringa oblata, Syringa microphylla , Amygdalus triloba, Ligustrum obtusifolium, and so on. Roadside trees are concentrated on Populus alba berolinensis, Salix matsudana, Ulmus pumila. The proportion of evergreen species is very small, the ratio of evergreen and broad-leaved plants is only 1:12. there are only 16 species herbaceous flowers, including 8 species perennial flowers, accounting for 1/2, but only a several roads have used them.. We should take measures to increase the quantity and ratio of afforested trees which are commonly used, evergreen species, and herbaceous flowers.(5) The light adaptation and root system characteristics of different plants are different, in Harbin roads, most plants are hi light, in order to ensure the reasonableness of plant design, we should take into account the characteristics of different plants.(6) The roadside trees Green Belt of Xinyang Road, the Green Belt of Zhujiang Road, Zhongshan Road, Xuefu Road, Changjiang Road, Hongqi Road, and the central green belt of Nanzhi Road their plant species are more than 20, configuration forms are between 6 to 12 or more, the green belt's configuration form and plant species are very low, we should take measures to reference typical roads. |
