| Rice is one of the major food crops in China, it’s annual production is about43%of the total grain output. In recent years, the farmland resource has been ceaselessly decreasing resuled from the rapid increase in industrial and construction land, and the population, which requires us to produce more food on the limited land. At the same time, with the development of society and economy and the improvement of people’s living standard, people’s consumption concept has changed from quantity to quality, and requires higher rice quality. Therefore, improving the yield and quality of rice is currently primary task for the breeding experts; on the other hand, it is directly related to the country’s food security and social stability. It can be seen that breeding the new hybrid resistance, high yield and good quality rice variety is still the main target of rice breeding research in future. Ya hui2115was the latest successfully created rice restorer, whose biological characteristics, field resistance, competitve advantage and testcross combinations were determinated and evaluated in this paper. The main results were as followed:1. The characteristics of restorer Ya Hui2115:It was the indica restorer line of CMS Lines in Rice. The plant height was114cm; the numbers of main stem leaves was15～16desirable plant type, longer leaves, slightly flat lower leaves, erect upper leaves, light green leaves color, the leaves’sheath, ligule, auricle and leaf margin were colorless. The characteristics on spike was26cm length, no awn,169of the grains per spike,85.7%of the rearing rate,29.3g of1000-grains weight and the ration of grain length to width was2.9.The whole growing period of restorer Ya Hui2115was about150days, the duration from sowing to initial heading was about115days. It had a large number of pollens quantity and long flowering period, so it was suitable for seed production. Further more, Ya Hui2115had high tillering ability, prosperous growth vigour, good colour on grain filling and wax ripe period, strong sturdily stem and lagding-resistance.2. In the vitro inoculation test, the resistance and susceptibility reaction of Ya Hui2115to22differential fungu isolates was obtained. Combining the results and the summary of blast resistance gene, it can be infferd that Ya Hui2115might contain the resistance gene Pi-k, but the derivation method had some limitations and its accuracy was needed to verify in further study.3. The results of spray inoculation showed that:Ya Hui2115was only susceptible to F49, F55and F59in80single-spore isolates and it’s resistance frequence was96.25%. The resistance results identificated in field showed that Ya Hui2115had highly resistance to rice blast and rice flase smut. Thus, Ya Hui2115belonged to the rice material with high resistance to rice blast and rice flase smut.4. The evaluation results of the integrated traits of Ya Hui2115testcross combinations showed that DQ-7and DQ-43, two testcross combinations in middle-maturity grop had obvious advantages, and the increasing in yield were respectively7.04%and7.04%, and their grain quality reached national standards of gradelll. DQ-4, DQ-9,DQ-10, DQ-11, DQ-13and DQ-14, six testcross combinations in late-maturity grop had obvious advantages on resistance, rice quality and yield. The yield of DQ-10increased was6.04%, and the grain quality reached national standards of gradeⅡ. Similarly, the yield of DQ-11, DQ-13and DQ-14were9.87%,13.08%and9.31%respectively, and their grain quality reached national standards of gradelll. |
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