Research On Whale Resources In The Local Chronicles Of The Qing Dynasty

Whales, as "the biggest fish", because of its huge volume and variety, togetherwith the ancients to its insufficient of knowledge, it generates a lot of image of thenickname, for example:Jiang,Kun,Haiqiu,Qingni,Cu. The people of different regionsfor the whale’s call also have great difference, in the coastal region of south China,"Whales" nickname "Haiqiu", Due to the "Qiu" with "Qiu" partial tone, so have themeaning of the chief of the sea. before the qing dynasty of Daoguang with the localChronicles of mean "whales", and after the qing dynasty of Daoguang mean "shark".It also can see the qing dynasty people can have more accurately differentiate betweenthe whale and the shark, and no longer use Instead of "big fish". But from the localChronicles of the qing dynasty records to see, in addition to the whales for fishoutside, among them the "whales" recorded for the minke whales, not including todaycetaceans Platanistidae, Pointed mouth dolphin, Phocaenidae, Delphinidae. Todaywe common dolphin, Neophocaena phocaenoides belong to Cetacea, but in theqing dynasty is a separate classification.During the qing dynasty, the whale in four waters of our country have records,involves various kinds. The early qing dynasty, because climate change,inHuangbohai sea area the herring (huanghai sea herring) increase the amount, led tothe increasing of the number of whales. From it to the herring such as small fish for itsfood is concluded, in Huangbohai of the qing dynasty sea, rorquals should be in themajority. In the east China sea, whale haunts of relatively fixed to Dinghai(nowZhoushan islands), Xiangshan,Danshuiting more records. The south China seaarea in the qing dynasty, is the largest number of whales place, and play the economicvalue of the whales, formed the whaling industry. In the south China sea area of theqing dynasty,the whaling industry has developed, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainanisland have recorded in the local Chronicles. In Huangbohai and in the east Chinasea is never saw. The qing dynasty about dolphin, Neophocaena phocaenoides also have clear records, IN the east China sea of Taiwan island and in the south China seaof Hainan island are most dolphins in China, and Neophocaena phocaenoides in theriver estuaries of the majority.Whales and Marine fishery the relationship of the qing dynasty,which is thewhale resources in important link, and the migratory whale is the first step that studythe whale and Marine fishery in qing dynasty of the relation. Fish migration is acyclical movement, along with fish in the life cycle of each link. Although whales donot belong to fish, but also not the exception. Through the analysis of the localChronicles of record, can be summed up two of the qing dynasty whale migrationroute:(1) after the winter every year, from okhotsk sea go down,pass throughTsushima, generally in2-3month came to our country laizhou bay waters;(2) the8-9month from north Pacific go down into the south Yellow Sea,10-11month cominginto the zhejiang coastal,11-12month focus to the Taiwan strait. Whales as one partof the Marine food chain, Marine biological changes will affect them, whales alsooften influence fishery production, such as attack fishermen, destroy fishing gear,prevent fishermen fishing, competition for fishing nets prey, dispel fish, and soon,cause fishing reduction, to the sea as field for many fishermen cause losses. Forinfluence each other, the whale is gradually becoming the coastal areas of the faith,Huangbohai regions’fishermen think it is "catch fish man","Guolongbing"; Zhoushanislands respectfully called it the "Wugengjiangjun”.Affect whale number have many natural causes,such as climate change, seawater salinity change (caused by ocean currents), wind, illumination, ocean currents,the ever-changing topography, the competition between the species, such as thechange of the mouth of the river,and so on. The article through studies found that, theqing dynasty period affect whale in China’s coastal areas in the distribution of themain have climate and the ocean currents. In the qing dynasty, the social environmenton the influence of the number of whales, according to the time sequence:(1)Twenty-two years of Emperor Kangxi (1683),, Kangxi emperor open HaiJin morethan30years with the influence of our waters;(2) the two opium war to thedestruction of our waters. Although the qing dynasty in the south China sea of our country has whaling, but that only limited to kill into the harbor of whale, andcompare with the whole world whaling, which can say insignificant.