| The shortage of feed resources is a world-wide problem, and has severely restricted the development of animal husbandry in our country. Due to high protein content, balanced nutrition, vast source and low price, insects source feed is becoming the largest available raw materials to produce animal protein feed. The nutrition ingredient of Tenebrio molitor, Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker, Hermetia illucens L., Protaetia brevilarsis Lewis, and their application in the dietary of weaned pigs was studied in this paper.Experiment1:We measured protein content of the insects mentioned above. As a result, the protein content in dry matter was56.14%,66.07%,37.29%,58.74%, consisted of18amino acids and there were8essential amino acids for human. The essential amino acids accounted for44%,48%,44%,44%of the total amino acid content respectively.The ratio of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acid was4.56,4.39,4.79,3.70, and the first limited amino acid were Met. Besides, it also contained Ca, P, Fe, Zn and so on many kinds of minerals and trace elements. So we thought this four kinds of insect source protein are high quality protein and can be applied in animal husbandry.Experiment2:We selected192healthy crossbred Duroc×Landrace×Largewhite weaned piglets, and divided them into4groups according to their sexuality and weight. Each group included6repeats, and each repeats consisted of8piglets (male and female each half), the experiment period was21days. In control group, we fed basal diet according to the Chinese pig raising standards NY/T65-2004. In treatment groups T1, T2and T3, we added2.5,5.0and7.5percentage of insect powder instead of protein raw materials.As a result:(1) The average daily weight gain of three treatment groups was superior to control group. The daily weight gain increased15.4,37.2,40.1percentage while the feed/gain ratio declined4.8,9.7,11.3percentage respectively.(2) The diarrhea index of four groups were0.47.0.43.0.20,0.18. According to our observation, in treatment2and3. there were not severe diarrhea and did not appear watery stools, whereas the control and treatment1appeared watery stools, and the diarrhea was serious.(3) The total protein. ALB/GLO, GLO, IgG, blood sugar and BUN of every treatment groups were all in normal range and both were significantly different.(4) As the addition of insect poweder in piglets daily diet increased, the concentration of IgG, IgM and IgA in blood rised. Each index of treatment groups was significantly greater than control group. The IgG content of treatment group1,2.3improved51.36%,50.96%,69.18%than control group; the IgM content of treatment group1,2,3improved27.27%,44.55%,47.27%than control group and the IgG content of treatment group1,2,3improved51.36%.50.96%,69.18%than control group. The IgG content of control group was significantly different with three treatment groups, but there was no significant difference within treatment groups. The IgM content of control group was significantly different with three treatment groups, and treanment group1significantly different with treatment group2and3. while there was no significant difference between group2and3. The IgA content of control group was significantly different with three treatment groups, treatment group1was not significantly different with group2, but significantly different with group3.As the result show, the daily weight gain of each treatment group was significantly superior to control group. With the addition of insect powder, the daily weight gain increased, while the feed/gain ratio declined, this indicated that the addition of insect powder may improved feed digestibility. The total protein. ALB/GLO. GLO. IgG blood sugar and BUN of every treatment groups were all in normal range and both were significantly different. With the addition of insect powder, the concentration of IgG, IgM and IgA in piglets blood rised. This demonstrated that the yellow mealworm powder can improve the humoral immunity of piglets. We can make further infer that insect powder may have certain stimulative effect on the humoral immunity of piglets. |
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