Biogeography Studies On Typhlocybinae In China Based On Gis(Hemiptera:Cicadellidae)

This paper analyzed the species diversity and distribution of Typhlocybinae in Chinabased on collecting related literatures widely, then used GIS, SPSS to determine areas ofdiversity and areas of endemic distribution for Typhlocybinae; analyzed the formation orderof Typhlocybinae in China’s zoogeographic region, and the similarity of subregions. Inaddition, grid analysis was used to discuss genus’ relationship of Typhlocybini based on theirdistribution data. The results are list as follows:1. The difference between6tribes’ diversity distribution areas.163genera and827species have been record in China, accounts for34.7%,18.6%of alltyphlocybine worldwide. This subfamily distributed mainly over the Oriental Region inChina, Western Mountainous Plateau Subregion, Southwest Mountainous Subregion andSouthern Yunnan Hilly Subregion are the distribution centers. Tribes of Alebrini,Dikraneurini, Erythroneurini, Empoascini, Typhlocybini and Zyginellini, their distributioncenter from the Qinling Area, which in the north of Western Mountainous Plateau Subregion,gradually transferred to the Southern Yunnan Hilly Subregion. Qinling Area and WesternMountainous Plateau Subregion are the endemic distribution centers of Alebribi andDikraneurini, which are congruence with their diversity centers; while, Southern YunnanHilly Subregion and Taiwan Subregion are the endemic distribution centers of the other4tribes, which partially overlap with their diversity centers.2. Cluster analysis of distributional regions.The PAE result shows the distribution of typhlocybine insects formed firstly in NortheastChina, Qinghai-Xizang, then in Mongolia-Xinjiang, North China, finally in Southwest China,Central China and South China, The Quaternary glacier movements may account for thisresult.The result of cluster analysis of subregions is different from the division ofzoogeographic subregion in China, such as Southwest Mountainous Subregion (VA) andSouthern Yunnan Hilly Subregion (VIIB) have the highest similarity, the two subregions ofNorth China have higher similarity with subregions in the Oriental than in the Palaearctic,Qinghai—Zangnan Subregion (IVB) is similar to Southeast Himalayan Slope Subregion(VB). Their reasons respectively are:1. VA and VIIB have similar natural environment and similar host-plant,2. North China is the transition area of species’ diffusion from south tonorth because of the climate wrming,3. Both of IVB and VB abut VA, which typhlocybinecan diffuse to IVB and VB, moreover, the number of Typhlocybinae’s distribution in the twosubregions is few.3. Geographic distribution relationship of genera of TyphlocybiaeAnalysing the relation of genera which belong to4tribes of Typhlocybinae using SPSS,then discussed the spread of genera which they have similar distribution. Take Typhlocybinias an example, compared the genera’s relation obtained by cluster analysis with obtained byphylogeny based on their morphological character.According to the grids analysis, used SPSS obtained relationships of23genera based ontheir distributional data, this result has some similarity with the phylogenetic analyses basedon morphological data, while, there are difference between them. Such as the genera Yisionand Empoa which are restrict in the Palaearctic, so they are in China, it suggests both themare original group, same to the morphological phylogenetic analyses, the genus Yision is theoriginal genus, but the genus Empoa was considered as more evolutive group. There are tworeasons can account for the difference between this results:1) Due to the uneven of specimencollecting, Geographic distribution data of this subfamily has some deviation;2) In thephylogenetic analyses, the specific characters of genus which has specific distribution wre notweighted, these characters can not play significant role in the process of establishing thephylogenetic tree.