Study On The Polymorphisms Of PRKAG3Gene And FAS Gene And Their Relationships With Meat Quality Traits In Yak

A total of314Yak blood samples were taken from137Tianzhu white yaks in Tianzhu,and98Gannan yaks in Xiahe, Gansu province, as well as106Datong yaks coming fromDatong breed conservation farms in Qinghai province, and a total of158flesh samples weretaken randomly from40Gannan yaks,58white yaks, and60Datong yaks included in theabove-mentioned, respectively, and then the meat qualities was measured in this paper. Thesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of PRKAG3gene and FAS gene was detected byPCR-SSCP combined with DNA sequencing technology, and then the geneticpolymorphisms of genes was discussed. Furthermore, based on the correlation analysisbetween each gene polymorphism and part of fleshy traits, the effect of polymorphisms ofPRKAG3gene and FAS gene on the meat quality traits was roughly revealed in yak. Theresults showed as below:1. The results of meat qualities analysis showed that the losing water ratio of Gannanyak, Tianzhu yak and Datong yak were28.34%,28.00%and28.14%; the cooked meatpercentage were66.43%,66.48%and66.63%; the pH24value were5.37,5.36and5.38; therewere not significant difference (P＞0.05) among varieties. The shear force were4.85Kg/cm2,4.85Kg/cm~2and4.81Kg/cm~2, the fat content were1.92%,1.90%and1.98%, There aresignifsiant difference between Tianzhu white yak and Datong yak（P＜0.05）.2. P1loucs of PRKAG3gene had a base transformation of A→G in intron3amongGannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak, and had two kinds of genotype. The allelie frequeneyof A was0.91,0.84,0.92in Gannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak. The loucs were in thelow Polylnorphism. P4loucs had a base transformation of G→A in intron9among Gannanyak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak, and had two kinds of genotype. The allelie frequeney of P was0.76、0.78、0.90in Gannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak. The loucs were in the moderatePolylnorphism in Tianzhu white yak and Gannan yak, but in in the low Polylnorphism inDatong yak.3. F3B loucs of FAS gene had a base transformation of C→T in intron3among Gannanyak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak, and had three kinds of genotype. The allelie frequeney of M was0.56、0.51、0.58in Gannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak. The loucs were in themoderate Polylnorphism. F34B loucs had a base transformation of A→G in exon34amongGannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak, and had two three of genotype. The allelie frequeneyof H was0.49、0.55、0.51in Gannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak. The loucs were in thelow Polylnorphism. F35loucs had a base transformation of T→A in exon36among Gannanyak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak, and had two three of genotype. The allelie frequeney of E was0.90、0.91、0.84in Gannan yak, Tianzhu yak, Datong yak. The loucs were in the lowPolylnorphism.4. The water holding capacity with genotype AA in P1loucs of PRKAG3gene wassignificantly higher than genotype AB(P＜0.05), but the pH24value with genotype AA wassignificantly lower than genotype AB(P＜0.05). The water holding capacity with genotypePQ in P4loucs was significantly higher than genotype PP(P＜0.05).5. The fat content with genotype NN in F3B loucs of FAS gene was significantly higherthan genotype MM and genotype MN(P＜0.05). The water holding capacity and cooked meatpercentage with genotype GG in F34B loucs were significantly higher than genotype HH andgenotype HG(P＜0.05), but the fat content with genotype HG was significantly lower thangenotype HH and genotype GG(P＜0.05). The pH24with genotype EE in F35loucs wassignificantly lower than genotype EF(P＜0.05), but the fat content with genotype EE wassignificantly higher than genotype EF(P＜0.05).