Research On Vitro Magnetic Manoeuvring Wireless Capsule Endoscopy For Diagnostic And Treatment

Due to the change of eating habits and social structure, the incidence rateof the digestive system disease increased rapidly and thus disturbing a largeamount of patients around the world. The most commonly used and mostdirect and effective way to check for this disease is Endoscopy, however， theexisting endoscopy techniques are mostly based on traditional mechanicalinterpolating gastrointestinal endoscope, this way of checking not only bringspain and cross-infection, but also is hard to reach some lesions and unable tocomplete the whole digestive tract detection.In order to reduce the suffering of patients, improve the diagnostic rate ofdiseases, Given Imaging company of Israel first published wireless capsuleendoscopy (WCE) technology in the Digestive Disease Week2000and itproduced the world’s first wireless capsule endoscope " M2A " which enteredinto the market in May，2001. Wireless capsule endoscope is a high-techachievement and an integration of multiple technologies such as microelectronics, image processing, wireless communication and biomedicine.It is an endoscope system which can be swallowed just like the common drugcapsule and can overcome the disadvantages of the traditional endoscope.After swallowed by the patients, the WCE can run down along the digestivetract with the force of the gastrointestinal peristalsis, at the same time, it cansimultaneously capture pictures of the gastrointestinal tract and transmit imagedata to the image recorder outside the body through the wireless transmittingsystem. The doctor can analysis the image data through the image recorder andimage workstation and then make further diagnosis. The capsule is dischargedautomatically at last. The whole diagnosis process has no trauma, no pain andno cross infection, it will not affect the patient ’s normal work, eliminating painand inconvenience bringing by the traditional detection method andovercoming the shortbacks that traditional methods can not check the smallintestine. WCE is the first choice for diagnosis of digestive system disease,especially of the small intestine disease.At present, the biggest barrier for the WCE to replace the traditionalendoscope is not the image acquisition function, the developing direction ofthe capsule endoscope in the future is the realization of active control. Thisthesis relies on the project of the National Natural Science Fundation (No.31271069) and devotes to developing a kind of capsule endoscope system which can not only get clear image but also carry out active control. This paperexplores the working principle of the vitro magnetic manoeuvring wirelesscapsule endoscope in diagnosis and treatment, designs system scheme andfinishes the first endoscope prototype. This project provides a basis for a laterstudy of vitro magnetic manoeuvring WCE that can be applied to clinical. Tosum up, the main work of this paper includes:1. With the exploring of principle of digital wireless capsule endoscopesystem based on the JPEG image format, the scheme is designed and theprototype of the capsule endoscope system is realized with completion of theimage acquisition function. The system consists of image acquisition andtransmission section and image receiving system, the image data is captured bythe capsule endoscope and transmitted out by the wireless communicationmodule, the receiving section receives the image data and transmmit the datato the host computer through the serial port, the computer then completes theimage processing and display. The system has some advantages comparingwith the previous capsule endoscopy in the following characteristics: a digitallow power CMOS image sensor is adopted; the application of digitaltransmitter module enhances the signal’s anti-interference ability and reducesthe bit error rate; the image data is compressed in JPEG format and thecompression ratio is adjustable which can reduce the storage space and also obtain higher image quality.2. By comparing the working principle, advantages and disadvantages ofthe electromagnetic driving, the permanent magnet driving and other drivingmethod, the feasibility and operability of the permanent magnet drivingmethod is confirmed and a vitro magnetic manoeuvering scheme based onNdFeB is designed. Finally, through the theoretical analysis of the ANSYSsimulation of the magnetic field generated by the pair of the permanent magnet,a simple experiment was executed to validate the feasibility of the scheme.