Research On The Extendable And Retractable Automobile Crash Energy Absorption Device

In recent years, the passive safety issues of commercial vehicles (trucks) areincreasingly prominent, with the demands of road transport increasing on high speed,heavy load. In the commercial vehicle front collision, as the commercial vehicle’s frontcrumple zones are too narrow to absorb enough energy in the limited range of deformation,it will result in the passenger compartment’s intrusion of engine and accessories toincrease the injury risk of occupants; at the same time, if the strength and rigidity ofconnection with commercial vehicle cab and the frame of chassis are too strong, cab in thecollision process can not move backward, the deformation of cab will be greatly, and theframe may also be damaged, which can not provide a reliable support in a cab. Therefore,study how to improve pre-crash safety in the condition of commercial vehicle’s limitedfront crumple space is of great significance.This article describes two ways to improve cabin safety:1, an extendable andretractable longitudinal beam energy absorbing structure device is used to expanse space;2, a translocative suspension structure designed. The first method will extend thedeformation of absorbing space to the external body, to increase the length of thedeformation of collision and extend the time history of collision. The second methoddesigns a misplaced suspension structure to connect the cab and chassis, and will open theguide groove above the stringer in the bottom of the cab, when the cab is collided, thefriction between the stringer of cab’s bottom and the suspense plates can also absorbcertain energy. A sample of retractable energy absorption devices was designed, and thefinite element model of truck cab was established and validated, the collision ofretractable bumper energy absorption devices and misplaced suspension structures in thependulum test were studied.The research papers show that the retractable energy absorption device caneffectively reduce the maximum intrusion volume of the cab, the living space of crew hasincreased significantly; the absorption of energy cab was significantly increased that is theenergy transferred into crew is reduced. In addition, the relative displacement of the cabwhich is installed misplaced suspension structure and chassis increases, while the relativecompressive deformation of the cab decreases. Dislocation structure can provide goodoccupant protection to the crew of the flat commercial vehicles.