Landscape Pattern And Optimization Of The Internal Rural Settlement In Hilly Area

Rural settlement is a geographical concept, and is also a historical and social category. It is the residence for production and life, and is a basic form of the spatial structure of human society. In recent years, urban settlement construction land is shortage, which caused by the rapid development of urbanization. A lot of farmland around the city is occupied. The contradiction between human and land become increasingly conspicuous. Within the rural settlements development has lagged behind. The unused land can be seen everywhere. It has huge potential for remediation. In this regard, the establishment of spatial pattern of coordination and harmonization between urban and rural is meaningful.This paper selects part of the rural settlements in hilly region of Tunliu county of Changzhi city. It selects the internal settlements for the research areas to study the landscape pattern characteristics and try to build the research framework of the internal rural settlement. On this basis, it proposes the model and recommendations of optimization. This paper enriches the research content and framework of the settlement geography and provides the theoretical guidance for village renovation.On the basis of the relevant and defined concepts, the paper has the sustainable development theory, landscape ecology theory, the whole region as a guide. It uses the methods of landscape pattern analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, the combination of theoretical research and empirical analysis. On the basis of the internal landscape classification of rural settlements, it points out the problems and determines the objectives and principles and landscape pattern optimization. It proposes different types of optimization model and determines the optimal direction and content from various angles. The main findings are as follows:(1) The architecture landscape area is the largest (39.17%). The space landscape is followed (23.19%). The forest landscape is the third (22.30%). The rest of the landscape proportion has not more than10%. (2) The internal rural settlement has the problem such as the settlements area and population are smaller, land area per capita exceeds badly, the layout is scattered, public facilities deficiency, and the abandoned house has higher proportion. Among them, the average of land area per capita is440.4m2; the average proportion of unused and abandoned houses is13.91%.(3) The average plaques area of residents architecture landscape, which is homestead area referred by land science, is one of the important indexes of rural land management. The survey estimates, at present the average of land area is467m2, far more than the requirements of the village construction planning guideline in Shanxi Province. This paper argues that homestead area should be based on local villagers actual life demand and cultivated land landscape and agricultural affiliated landscape should be set "into" architecture landscape to integrate the small patches and optimize the settlement landscape pattern. By calculation, the adjustment homestead area should be based on increased by24%in original homestead area.(4) According to different characteristics of the internal settlement pattern, the optimization of the settlement pattern will be divided into three kinds:deleted for forests and land, internal control scalability and internal control extension. On the basis of the settlements from the multi-angles in the optimization of the landscape pattern, this article discusses mainly from the production method, the life style, function, the structure of the settlements settlement system.