Study On Technical Specifications For Environmental Impact Assessment Of Photovoltaic Power Station

With the rapid development of photovoltaic technology and a large number of construction and operation of photovoltaic power stations, the environmental impact of photovoltaic power project has been attracted more and more attention. Studying the environmental impact and pollution prevention measures of photovoltaic power stations is able for the whole process of environmental protection, including the design, construction, operation and management and environmental protection of the stations; establishing the technical specifications for environmental impact assessment of photovoltaic power stations in China is one of the urgent need for improving China’s photovoltaic power standard system and filling the bank of environmental protection.This article first analyzed the industrial policy, relevant legislation, EIA method, technical basis, environmental impact factors and mitigation measures of PV power project both domestic and international, and compared the difficence of EIA of PV power stations at home and abroad, then provides basis for the preparation studies of the technical specifications for environmental impact assessment of photovoltaic power stations in China. Secondly, according to China’s environmental impact assessment regulatory requirements, combining with photovoltaic power technological characteristics, described procedures and assessment content, assessment depth, assessment rating for EIA of PV power stations, regulated the requirements of evaluation scale, assessment period, assessment grade, assessment content, current status assessment, prediction assessment, public involvement, pollution prevention, technical and economic analysis. The research form "technical specifications for environmental impact assessment of photovoltaic power station", its main contents include project overview and engineering analysis, investigation and assessment of environment status, environmental impact prediction and assessment, environmental protection measures and countermeasures, industrial policy analysis, environmental gains and losses analysis, conclusions and recommendations. Next, especially defined the environmental impact assessment of PV power stations must take into account construction period, operation period, service ending period the three periods, and the environmental impact factor and assessment methods of all periods. The environmental factors of the construction period includes atmosphere, surface water, noise, ecology; the environmental factors of the operation period includes noise, electromagnetic, surface water, light pollution, solid waster; the environmental factors of service ending period includes solid waster, land use. Fourth, proposed the environmental protection measures for the technology of equipment, natural ecology, all evaluation periods, risk, and environmental management and monitoring requirements for PV power stations. Finally, it analyzed the environmental impact of the solar cell project, which is the upstream industry of PV power project, summarized environmental protection measures of the solar cell industry; analyzed and estimated energy consumption of various aspects for industry value chain, calculated the energy payback period of the PV power system.Rely on this paper, China’s energy industry standard "technical specifications for environmental impact assessment of photovoltaic power station" has been proposed and completed. The specification has been submitted to the National Development and Reform Commission, and the National Energy Board, is expected to be promulgated recently.