Study On Ecological Compensation Mechanism In Development Of Coal Resources In Shanxi Province

Our country takes the coal as the main energy. Coal resources development is ofstrategic importance in promoting our country’s rapid economic development. Shanxiis the important energy heavy chemical industry base in our country, the main outputplace of coal resource, but the coal resources development brings the environmentalpollution and the ecological destruction, which is restricting the coal industryseriously and the region economy sustainable development. Therefore, theestablishment of the perfect mineral resource development ecology compensationmechanism is an important measure to obtain the quick development by the lowresources price and the social price and the high benefit. The mineral resourcedevelopment ecology compensation mechanism not only has a vital practicalsignificance to the protection, management and reconstruction of the mining areaecological environment, but also is helpful to the region economic development inhealth, highly effective, sustainable way.This article is based on basic theory of ecological compensation mechanism,learning from advanced domestic and foreign experience, and use the method ofinvestigation and analysis to collect materials related to the development of coalresources in Shanxi province and analysis on the present situation and thedevelopment of coal resources in Shanxi province. The results show that coalresources exploitation in Shanxi province has caused a serious waste of resources,environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Shanxi Province is a major coalprovince, large reserves of coal resources and varieties, but the extensive mining, lowcoal mining recovery rate and the low level of integrated resources causes the coalresources reserves sharp decline and the ecological environment pollution destruction.These problems are caused by many reasons, such as socio-economic developmentstage, old concepts of resources, inadequate laws, inadequate supervision, poortechnical equipment, skill shortages, etc.The article proposes to build the actual operational ecological compensationmechanism of coal resources through the qualitative analysis of the present situationand existing problems in Shanxi province, and the quantitative analysis andcalculation on the preliminary data collected. Construction of ecological compensation mechanism has three key elements: the relationship between subjectand object of ecological compensation, compensation mode, the compensationstandard. Subject-object problem is a prerequisite to build effective compensatorymechanisms, subject of relationships through the study of ecological compensationincludes the principal payment and the compensation body, object relations, includinga number of objects and various forms of compensation payments. Shanxi coalresource development not only has old debt but also has the new account. Therefore itmainly uses the new and old mine and combine with other modes. The coal resourcesecology compensation standard is the most important integrant part and a rod whichhow this mechanism does operate. The compensation standard includes two parts; oneis the recovery and management costs of the environment ecological damage causedby the development of coal resources; the other one is the loss in value of theecological environment caused by the development of coal resources. Throughcalculating the date which I obtain directly and survey indirectly and using the marketvalue method and the opportunity cost method for the data that can not be estimate, Iestablish the target and calculate and get the coal resources development ecologycompensation standard specified amount.The ecological compensation mechanism in development of coal resources inShanxi province needs to constantly improve ecological compensation and itsimprovement. I specifically put forward the correlation proposal from four aspects:First, take the science development view as the instruction and adhere to the road ofsustainable utilization and development. Secondly, improve the legislative work of thecoal resources ecological compensation mechanism and strictly enforce the lawexecution. Thirdly, use the economic instruments to improve the ecologicalcompensation management system. Fourthly, establish the mining area ecologicalcompensation incentive mechanism to improve the enthusiasm of taking park in theecological protection. Only in these ways can help change the traditional habits of freeuse of natural resources and promote the region to fully consider the cost of the loss ofresources and environment in formulating the economic development plan. It alsocontributes to the adjustment of industrial structure, improving the quality of theenvironment, changing the mode of growth, achieving compatibility of coal resourceexploitation and environmental protection. I want to achieve the purpose of rationaland efficient use of natural resources and protection of the ecological environmentand try to stick to the road of sustainable development and ultimately achieve harmony between man and nature.