The Study Of Environmental Risk Assessment In Planning EIA Based On Risk Zoning Technology

In recent decades, the chemical industry is the main force to promote economic development. During "the Twelfth Five-Year Guideline", the local governments still focus on the petrochemical projects in their development plans. The structural environmental risks are becoming increasingly fierce due to extensive use of the hazardous chemicals in productive and storage process. As an effective means to control environmental risks, Plan Environmental Impact Assessment (PEIA) can identify and analyses the potential environmental impacts, and propose environmental management measures to reduce the social, environmental, economic impact in the preparation phase. However, the PEIA doesn’t pay enough attention to the environmental risk assessment (ERA), which plays an important role in the regional industrial distribution and land-use planning. The existing ERA methods in PEIA are mainly based on qualitative evaluation, while the quantitative evaluation methods mainly use the procedures and methods for ERA on Projects, which can not reflect the uncertainty, synthesis and strategic characteristics in the Planning ERA, and the risk source assessment was the main object of study in ERA, less considering the environmental sensitive receptors in the environmental risk system. Therefore, how to evaluate the distribution of environmental risk and the receptors in the regional plans scientifically and reasonably, adjust the regional development plan and land use planning based on the evaluation results, mitigate and control the accidents’frequency, reduce the structural environmental risk, will become an important issue for PEIA study.Aiming at above problems, in this paper we put forward an environmental risk assessment procedure and content in PEIA with environmental risk zoning technique, based on the hierarchy of environmental receptor and the evaluation of accident consequence, and forecast the regional atmospheric environment risk in Dalian Songmudao Chemical Industry Park, evaluated and analyzed the scope and distribution of the regional environmental risks, proposed environmental risk management measures and advice for planning adjustment. The chief contents and conclusions were as followed:(1) By analyzing the concept, characteristics, necessity and research progress of the PEIA and ERA, we put forward an environmental risk assessment procedure and content in PEIA. (2) We proposed a classification method for environmental risk receptors" vulnerability, and then, built an environmental risk zoning method, which was based on the hierarchy of environmental receptor and the evaluation of accident consequence.(3) The Dalian Songmudao Chemical Industry Park was applied with the proposed Planning ERA procedure and method, in which seven major environmental risk sources were selected, and the receptors were hierarchical. The Risksystem software was used to simulate the distribution of different atmosphere pollutants’ concentration, with the result visualization by GIS technology. The results were shown:the receptors around the Park were mainly potentially protected with74.2%, the low-risk area accounted for about88%, the medium and high risk area about12%. As can be seen from the environmental risk map, the villages located at different orientations of the Songmudao Park. The safety distances between them were inadequate, and the villages were less threatened currently. The A area had great influence on the B area, which needed more environmental risk management. The plan for D area needed to be adjusted with the inadequate plan.The results of the research could provide scientific reference for government department to make a regional environmental risk plan and rational allocation for emergency materials, and provide the basis for administrative committee in Songmudao Park to carry out environmental risk management, and make recommendations for the department to adjust the regional development planning.