Study On The Thermal And Moisture Comfort Of Golf Apparel Based On Ergonomics

Recent years, more and more people have actively been participating in sports andfitness among the ranks with the continuous improvement of living standards and closeattention they paid to their own health. In which of the sports golf receives widespreadattention, as one of the most complex movements the body mechanics involved, it requireshuman body wearing good motor functional, health and comfortable clothing in order tomaximize the need for the body. Fashion tendency of golf apparel has been more and moreobvious in the market, but it had to been futher improved in its structure, function andother requirements.In this paper, thermal and moisture comfort of golf apparel based on the ergonomicshas been studied. Firstly,6representative movements of the body were selected in golfing,such as take back, back swing to the top, down swing, all stroke, hand and wrist action, thefollow through. According to GB/T16160-2008“Location and method of anthropometricsurveys for garments”, and combined with dimension change in key parts of the bodywhen golfing,38sizes in human body were chosen to measure. Three-dimensionalnon-contact laser scanning system made by Germany Vitronic company was utilized tomeasure the changes of skin, bone and muscle in standard body posture and the6golfactions on human body. Feature data of various parts of the body were extracted byScanWorX manual software and analyzed to get the variation range of the38parts in orderto establish the characteristic shape changes database in various body parts when golfing.Secondly, ten kinds of fabrics with the new-typed fiber selected in this paper weretested on the basis of objective static experiments and the moisture management tester(MMT). Experimental fabrics were commercially available, commonly used inmaking sports clothing or summer casual clothes, such as polyester fabric and regeneratedcellulose fiber fabric, as well as new-type CoolPass、CleanCool、CoolDry fiber fabrics withthe moisture absorbent and quick-dry capability and antibacterial deodorant fuction.Objective experiments included testing warmth retention property of fabric, testing airpermeability of fabric, testing wettability of fabric, testing moisture absorption, watervapor permeability, transmission and dispersion of fabric, measuring the Qmax and waterretention rate and so on. Thirteen indexes such as thermal-resistance rate, heat transfercoefficient, CLO, air permeability rate and drop diffusion time etc. A comprehensiveassessment on the thermal-wet comfort of fabric was made to get the specificcharacteristics of each fabric and the relative merits of the order between the ten fabrics bycomparing the differences of various thermal and moisture transfer indexes and analyzingthe reasons. The moisture management tester(MMT) tested the fabric liquid moisturemanagement properties. Based on the analysis of experimental data of water absorption,spreading and transmission of fabrics, the differences of the liquid moisture managementproperty indexes among the10kinds of fabrics and its reasons were discussed. At the sametime, the testing method of constant load elongation capacity was used to test the tensileproperty among the fabrics, and the relative merits of the order of the warp and weft tensileproperties and elastic recovery properties were gotten.Combining with the13indexes of conventional objective experiments and the10indexes of the liquid moisture management test, the methods of cluster analysis, factoranalysis and principal component analysis were used to effectively evaluate the thermalmoisture comfort performance. The13indexes were divided into6kinds in order to extract7typical indexes as a set of common factors to comprehensively characterize theconventional objective experiments, such as CLO, air permeability rate, water retentionrate, water dispersion rate, weft wicking height in30minutes, water vapor transmissionrate and maximum instantaneous heat transfer rate. In the same way, in all the10indexesof MMT,4typical indexes were selected to synthetically test the liquid moisturemanagement capacity, such as wetting time bottom, spreading speed bottom, accumulativeone-way transport and overall moisture management capacity. In the future, in order toavoid excessive waste of manpower and resources, experimental determination of theobjective static experiments and the moisture management tester(MMT) during theexperiment, a set of common factors were selected for testing instead of each of the13 targets and10indicators. It can not only be able to fully reflect the performance of fabricthermal and moisture comfort, but the experimental procedure can be streamlined to ensurethe accuracy of the experimental data.According to principles of difference between sweating and heat transfer are differentfrom the human body need of thermal-wet comfort in the motion state. As well as theamount of golf clothing and loose skin deformation rate and the relationship between therate of stretch fabrics, select8different fabrics in the ten performance of heat and moisturetransfer fabrics paired splicing in the5different heat and moisture distribution regions,inhuman body,in order to achieve the overall clothing comfort optimization of heat andmoisture. Golf Apparel should adopt the fabric6#and7#which be ability to transfer heatand humidity, because the upper arm is relatively high temperature and humidity.The partsbetween waist to hip line choose fabric9#because of its non high-temperature subject torapid absorption characteristics. Lower arm select fabric1#and3#which have bettermoisture transmission. Chest and back is the high humidity distribution area in humanmovement,where sweat is easy to accumulate from shoulder blades, So fabric#2should beused to balance the hot and humid. Golf apparel part from the scapular to the lower backwhich its temperature is high adopt the fabric4#and5#based on its characteristics of lowthermal resistance and faster heat transfer.so the overall golf clothing heat and moisturecomfort is improved, the sticky body discomfort is reduced.Finally, subjective wearing experiments were used to evaluate the new designing8golf apparels made up of the same style and1conventional golf T-shirts during the4stagesof sit-rest, stretching exercises, running exercise and recovery. The comfort assessmentincluded hand style, wearing sense, thermal-wet comfort and the overall comfortevaluation. The comments on10comfort sensation items were given by the10testeeswhich included soft sense, rough sense, pendent sense, elastic sense, prickle sense, wetsense, warm sense, viscid sense, sultry sense overall evaluation. The differences andchange trend of the subjective feeling among the8kinds of clothes at four experimentalstages are obtained based on the analysis of experimental data. The new8spliced clothingstook a larger advantage in thermal-wet comfort performance, which can be verified that onthe basis of ergonomics and the use of the relationship between looseness of golf clothingand skin deformation rate of the body as well as stretching rate of the fabric, the method toassembling different fabric in clothing to improve thermal-wet comfort of clothing systemwas proved to be practical and feasible according to5differential distribution of thermal and moisture of the body surface, and applied in practical design of golf apparel and sportswear.