| Euryale ferox is a mature seed of Euryale genus of Nymphaeaceae. It is origin produced in Southeast Asia. And in China it also has cultivated for a long time. Today, euryale ferox is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Hunan, Hubei, Shandong, Anhui. The annual production of euryale ferox more than6,000tons. It is useful of kidney. The euryale ferox seeds outer package is a hard shell. In the processing of euryale ferox, the shells are a large number of abandoned. This cause is a great deal of environmental pollution. And this paper is mainly study on the euryale ferox shells about their extract’s anti-oxidative activity and the biological characteristics.It used different concentrations of ethanol and water as a solvent, water bath at60℃, and repeated twice, to extract euryale ferox shells active substances. To remove protein and the extract powder was obtained. By UV spectrophotometry, the extract were measured in radical scavenging rate on the superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical. Its restoring force, anti-lipid oxidation activity and hydroxyl radical induced DNA damage inhibition were determined. In addition, the mice were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) to hyperglycemia of type2diabetes as model animal in gavage experiments. Then, the body weight, the blood glucose, the blood lipids and the oxidative indicators were analyzed in this experiment. It was compared from pancreatic tissue morphological. Finally, the both genes protein tyrosine phosphatase1B (PTP1B) and insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1) related to the regulation of blood sugar the expression were tested.The results showed that75%ethanol euryale ferox shells extract and compared to other solvents, it showed a strong antioxidant capacity. Especially, in the anti-lipid peroxidation and free radicals generated DNA injury, the inhibition of the reaction system was stronger than Vc. In mice, the euryale ferox shells extracts high-dose group, the serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglyceride (TG) were significantly reduced, the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased, the serum low-density lipoprotein protein cholesterol (LDL-C) not significantly decreased. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the high dose group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). It was observed that islet morphology in the high dose group, the pancreatic tissue relative increased, the islet number, islet size were correspondingly increased, nuclear condensation reduced, the amyloid state weakened, this phenomenon showed that the disease symptoms were relieved. In the analysis of its internal mechanism on a molecular level, the euryale ferox shells extract increase the levels of IRS-1gene expression, while inhibition of PTP1B gene expression, these were performance that it can inhibited the glucose increasing.In summary,75%euryale ferox shells alcohol extract contained much antioxidant activity substances. In STZ-induced type2diabetes mice, it showed that euryale ferox shells extract improved lipid metabolism, the body’s serum total antioxidant capacity, and reduced lipid oxidation end products of MDA levels. That was in turn to alleviate the role of radical produce to oxidative damage. In addition, Euryale ferox shells extracts reduced the damage of type2diabetic mouse islets. At the same time, Its role in promoting the expression of IRS-1and inhibiting the expression of PTP1B also showed that the euryale ferox shells extract can improve insulin sensitivity and improve insulin resistance. |
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