Ecological Sensitivity Analysis And Sustainable Development Of Jingpo Lake National Park

Currently, tourism has become one of the most important economic activities in the world, national park as the important carrier of tourism, people pay more attention to it. At present, the State Council approved885national parks, a total area about185400km2, those occupy land gross area1.93%. National park is the vast expanse of land on the essence of regional, has a large number of precious natural and cultural heritage. Protecting China’s national park is the historic mission of us. However, with the rapid development of scenic areas and a large number of visitors to enter, soil erosion, ecological deterioration, environmental pollution, loss of biodiversity and the ecological environment of the scenic spot have become increasingly prominent. Chinese national parks established30years since1982, therefore, carrying out the research on national park ecological environment problem is important for healthily and orderlily development of the national park.Taking Jingpo Lake National Park as the research object, through the reseach on domestic and international trends, field research, make the main ecological environmental problems in research area at present clearly. With support GIS technology, analyze and evaluate area ecological sensitivity. Combined with the ecological sensitivity analysis results, Study on the national park development and protection zoning, finally analyze SWOT of the Lake Jingpo National Park development, and put forward the strategy of the sustainable development of scenic spots. The results of this study are as follows:1) This article first elaborated the research background, purpose and significance, a comprehensive analysis of the research present situation of domestic and foreign ecological sensitivity, based on the current situation of Lake Jingpo National Park, put forward the main existing problems of ecological environment, and analysis national park ecological sensitivity.2) Combined with the actual node, from six aspects including the topography, natural conditions, habitat, landscape resources, human disturbance and the policies and regulations, select14indicators including elevation, soil, water, biodiversity, landscape value, road traffic, scenic spot planning and etc. for evaluation of ecological sensitivity factors. Use the AHP analytic hierarchy process to determine the index weight, with the technical support in GIS, through a weighted superposition method of ecological sensitivity analysis. Study on regional ecological sensitivity value between1.61and7.37, according to GIS natural breakpoint method,the area is divided into ecological sensitive area, the highly sensitive area, moderate sensitive area, mild sensitive and insensitive area, accounted for9.9%,28.7%,33%,15.5%,12.9%of the total area in the study area.The research shows that:the Lake Jingpo National Park exits high ecological sensitivity,and mainly with highly sensitive area and moderately sensitive area.3) From the evaluation method, evaluation unit division and the selection of evaluation indicators and determining the weights of the results of the analysis of the scientific and accuracy has important implications. GIS powerful spatial analysis function through the organic combination between the graphic processing and spatial data operation, provide technical support to the ecological sensitivity analysis and evaluation.4) According to the result of ecological sensitivity analysis, combining with the landscape resource space distribution and the direction of development, the Lake Jingpo scenic divided into key protection zone, ecological buffer zone, limited development area and moderate development zone. The subregion results with comparison current situation graph, scenic landscape resources distribution map, through the fieldwork analysis:the region with higher landscape value and higher ecological sensitivity is a key protection area, and the region with lower ecological sensitivity and the lower value of landscape resources can be service facilities for regional development, and be the area of moderate development of the region. Based on the ecological sensitivity of national park development and protection division, divide the senic areas for the purpose of development and protection, and for the further classification in the studied area, provide the reference to the conservation planning, landscape resources protection planning. And well coordinate the relationship beteewn the development of tourism resources and ecological protection.5) Based on the SWOT analysis in the studies area, summarizing advantages,weaknesses, Opportunities and threats of development,analyze the Lake Jingpo national park development present situation, and put forward the strategy of sustainable development of scenic spots. Provide an example and useful reference for China’s sustainable development in the scenic spots.