Study On Synthesis And Property Of Glycosidic Surfactant

Surfactant is one of the important products of fine chemical, it plays an importantand particular role in industrial production and daily life.Since the90’s of the20thcentury, the price of petroleum has been rising by degrees, people’s environmentalawareness increasing continually, and people are forced to emphasize more onadvocating the development of the natural resources chemicals products that are green,environmental protection, reproducible by the strategy of sustainable development.Alkyl polyglucoside is the product that derives from the acetalation of glucose andnatural of fatty alcohols, alkyl polyglucoside being the new generation of theenvironment friendly surfactant meets the demand of the sustainable development.Thesurfactants which used carbohydrate and its hydrolysis product as hydrophilic polaritygroup exhibit strong hydrophilcity, good toxicological properties and biodegradation.Besides, they show mild and little irritant to eyes and skin, they are also the goodsurfactant with excellent performance. Therefore, in this paper, potato starch andlactose were used as sugar source, the products of glucoside surfactant weresynthesized by trans-glycosylation, with atty alcohol, polyethylene glycol andethylene glycol as raw materials. The main research contents and the results are asfollows:(1)Starch polyglycoside surfactant was synthesized by trans-glycosylation,withthe sweet potato starch and fatty alcohols as raw materials.Structure of the targetproduct was characterized by means of FTIR,GC-MS. Studying the properties andstability of the product. The results of experiment showed that the physicochemicalproperties of starch polyglycoside surfactant,which was synthesized by sweet potatostarch and fatty alcohols, met the need of the GB,it showed excellent surface activityand emulsifying properties, besides, it also can be all degradated.The eight parallelsynthesis experiments provided theoretical foundation of starch glycosidic insynthetizing and stability.(2)Lactose-based glycoside surfactant was synthesized by trans-glycosylation,with the lactose and fatty alcohols as raw materials.The optimum condition ofsynthesizing lactose-based glycoside was determined by orthogonal and single factorexperiments, structure of the product was characterizd by FTIR and GC-MS,theproperties of product were determined by surface tension,emulsification. Moreover, lactose-based glycoside was compared with starch polyglycoside. The optimumconditions of synthesizing lactose-based glycoside were listed as follows:reaction temperaturewas110℃,reaction time was4h, m(lactose): m(PTSA):m(DBSA): m(ethylene glycol):m(higher alcohol)=1:0.013:0.03:4.9:1.2, the yield of the target product was129.70%,and the conversion rate of lactose was98.37%, the CMC of lactose-based glycosidewas0.20g/L, the surface tension was32.37mN/m, DP was1.490, emulsification was15.96min. When30℃,RH was43%,72h moisture absorption rate was64.02%,moisturizing rate was52.63%; when30℃,RH81%,72h moisture absorption rate was40.99%, moisturizing rate was49.67%. By studying the production, the new rawresource and new glycosidic surfactant was provided and theoretical basis ofresearching starch glycoside surfactant was offered.(3)Potato starch and polyethylene glycol800were used as the raw materials tosynthesize polyethylene glycol starch glycoside by adopting the method of trans-glycosylation.The products were characterized by FTIR, GC-MS and the moistureretention.Recycling the upper liquid in synthetic process, then a continuous synthesisprocess was obtained. The optimum conditions of synthesizing polyethylene glycolstarch glycoside were listed as follows: reaction temperature was118℃, reaction timewas4.5h, m(starch):m(PTSA):m(ethylene glycol):m(PEG800)=1:0.025:4:1.4. Theyield of the target product was154.58%. The CMC of polyethylene glycol starchglycoside was2.0g/L, the surface tension was41.31mN/m, DP was1.659.The productexhibits more excellent moisture retentiveness than polyethylene glycol. Polyethyleneglycol starch glycoside was synthesized by upper liquid, which structure andperformance is basically consistent with the product synthesized by the polyethyleneglycol.