Study On Runoff Simulation To The Typical River Basins In The Southern Slopes Of The Tianshan Mountains

With the supporting increased to the western region and the improvement of controlling program in planning mountain area, therefore, to study the runoff in mountain, has important practical significance for hydrological designs and engineering management.Most of rivers originate from the alpine region in southern slope of Tianshan Mountain, the dominant components of runoff is alimentation of glacier, whether add the melt snow data into the runoff calculation, has great directly influences in runoff simulation research. Xin’anjiang Model, a typical snow melting structure in northern of Tianshan Mountians has made better results. This paper chooses the KM Rive, which is flowing in Southern Tianshan Mountain, as a study case, the hydrological station is only located in the exit of mountain, the high altitude localities that KM River flew belong to unsurveyed area, and lack of temperature and precipitation distribution seriously, certainly, there is almost no research information about forecast runoff in this area.This paper is based on the grid DEM data, a higher resolution (90m), to extract the drainage map of KM river, and make the distribution, meanwhile,, using eight-day composite products of MOD10A2from2001to2010, piling the Processed snow cover figure and research area DEM data, and create the elevation of superposition generate which is different with the snow cover figure.Finally, we got the snow melt with curve of all the elevation. According to the snow melt process of each elevation, combined with the feature that the snow can melt once the temperatures rise above zero, get the direct reduction rate of the temperature, and then calculate the vertical distribution of river basin, in order to using remote sensing technology to make up for the deficiency of the river basin temperature data.Adopting before-mentioned information and data processing method, utilizing the Xin’anjiang watershed model containing snowmelt structure to conduct daily runoff simulation, and validated according to the statistical data of runoff collected from hydrology stations. The results show that this model is applicable to KM River Basin, The calculated temperature lapse rate with the ablation curve of all the elevation can reflect the vertical variation rules of the air temperature in the range, and could provide new method for the further studying of runoff processes in the areas lacking of data.This study has practical value for establishing hydrological forecasting system and water resource planning in Southern Slope of the Tianshan Mountains.