GIS-Based Study On Temperature Lapse Rate In Mountain Areas In China

Vertical change of the temperature is a classic problem in Geography and Climatology, and is of great importance to researches on climate change. Temperature is one of the most important factors in the mountain climate, which has a great influence on the height and distribution of mountain crops and fruit trees.And the temperature lapse rate is a significant meteorological parameter as well, which can be based on to calculate the air temperature value at a certain elevation.In recent years, researches on temperature lapse rate have gained wide attention, all the experts and scholars have made remarkable ach-ievements by trying several ways and methods on studying temperature lapse rate. In this paper, reference ground meteorological observation data and national fundamental geographic information data are used to calculate the monthly mean temperature lapse rate values in whole country. Before calculation, we should resample raster data and extract the aspect values of the stations under different resolutions, and get the aspect data of stations under several different resolutions to find one which has the most stable trend, in order to confirm using DEM data under 1KM×1KM resolution to calculate temperature lapse rate in this paper. Then using DEM data and relief degree of land surface, basing geomorphological circumscriptions, divide the country into three geomorphological types and classify stations under the same type as a class. Design the algorithm of temperature lapse rate with elevation rising, and calculate temperature lapse rate separately under different geomorphological types. Then carry out significance test on the results, and analyze the temperature lapse rate types in detail in mountain area in our country basing on the typical mountains in different climatic regions and using the results of the algorithm of temperature lapse rate with elevation rising, to get the annual variation types of monthly mean temperature lapse rate under different aspects in typical mountains. At the same time, carry out a case verification combined with field investigating information and conclusion in existing articles.In this paper, we have calculated the monthly mean temperature lapse rate values in whole country, and have discussed several annual variation types of temperature lapse rate types in mountain area,for example, Spring type,Summer type, Autumn type, Winter type, Spring-autumn type and little changed type. In general, our country is affected by partial south airflow in summer. As a result, north slopes of east-west mountains are leeward slopes, and south slopes are upwind slopes. The monthly mean temperature lapse rate of south slope is smaller than that of north slope. On the south slope of the mountain, the temperature lapse rate is larger than that on the north slope because of the large solar radiation quantity. In the winter, our country is more affected by westerly zone, so the temperature lapse rates of the east or southeast slopes of south-north or northeast-southwest mountains are much larger. At last, calculated the distribution of temperature lapse rate of the country in different monthsCompared with previous researches, we design an algorithm and use ground observation data and analyze the change regulation in detail of monthly mean temperature lapse rate in typical mountains from different aspects and time scales, and gain the resultsin agreement with previous researches, which can make a contribution to related works about mountain researches, using of mountain resources, etc.