Mapping And Spatial Analysis Of Urban Crime In Fuzhou City

With the rapid development of economy, the number of crime is increasing. As the leaders to fight against crime, the public security departments need more and more advanced "weapons". GIS is one. The public security departments introduce GIS, and build the police geographic information system, which provides important technical support for them against crime. The police can fast and effective solving problem and rationally allocate police resources. The crime mapping combines criminology with geography by GIS to analyze the link between crime and positions, reveals spatial distribution of crime directly.This paper collects crime data and infrastructure data, taking the city of Fuzhou as a study area, to structure geographical spatial database. The crime data that makes a count and classifies divides into seven categories, including steal, swindle, rob, drugs trafficking, drugs taking, murder and rape. Four subclasses of steal are burglary, shoplifting, motor vehicle theft, and pickpocket. Then using data to make crime maps, we know the distribution of crime in Fuzhou. According to knowing circumstances of natural environment and social economy, referring to corresponding statistical yearbooks and material, we may realize some factors that impact on crime happened.This paper uses some spatial statistics methods, including mean center, central feature, standard distance, standard deviational ellipse, high/low clustering, hot spot analysis:Getis-Ord Gi*, inverse distance weighting, kriging, to identify crime hot spots and discusses the spatial distribution of crime hot spots. Then the crime data combines with infrastructure data, including schools, parks, hospitals, markets, hotels, settlement places and bus station, uses spatial analysis methods to find out the influencing factors that impact on the distribution of crime hot spots, and provides some measures.The introduction of GIS technology is an important technical means for criminal research. We make known the distribution of crime from maps. Crime distribution of Fuzhou city follows certain rules. Crime hot spots concentrate in the junction between Gulou region and Taijiang region, and in the middle part of Gulou region. But crime occurs less in southeast of Cangshan region and north of Jinan region. The distribution of crime hot spots and the influencing factors have a difference in different crime types, different spatial statistics methods or different spatial methods.