Research On Optimizing China's Export Structure

The process of world's current economic globalization and integration accelerated ceaselessly, foreign trade for a country's economic development along an increasingly important role. From the history of the world economy and future development trends, foreign trade should always be used as the unshakable backbone of a country's economic development. From China's national conditions, although the World Trade Organization (WTO) released the latest data that China has surpassed Germany to become the world's biggest exporter in 2009, extensive export trade growth can not be classified as a world trade power of China. In fact, China has not gotten rid of the nature of the weak country trade, and is at the expense of the domestic existing resources for the price for the first in the world export. As a big developing country, China is earlier to implement the reform and opening up, and with the world economic development, The opening degree increasing day by day, China gradually integrate into the world economy, thus China's foreign trade and economy are growing rapidly. The international environment and domestic environment have been changing a lot, for example, trade friction intensified and terms of trade deteriorated. Economic globalization, the double-edged sword, makes China's foreign trade face unprecedented challenges. Therefore, It's urgent that how to have the initiative in hands in the fierce international competition, to ensure China's foreign trade and economic security, and to promote rapid development of China's foreign trade; It's a research subject which require Immediately Solution based on the actuality and characteristic of Chinese export structure to find out the problem, and we should explore the measures to adjust and optimize our country's export structure.Firstly, this paper introduced the theory of export structure from the comparative advantage, the upgrading of the industrial structure, the new trade theory and competitive advantage, and then it summarized them. It also analyzed the domestic and overseas scholars about the export structure research results from export commodity structure condition, export commodity structure and economic growth, the export commodity structure and industrial structure relation, export area structure. Secondly, because the export structure reflects the proportion of various elements and has many forms, such as the export commodity structure, the export mode structure and the export area structure, this paper, based on the SITC classification standards, selected a lot of informative and objective industry data and trade data, then it analyzed the evolution course and characteristics of Chinese export commodity structure. We have to remember two important turning points. Thirdly, this paper introduced the evolution course of our country's export mode structure. China had been mainly engaged in general trade before 1993, and in processing trade after that year. In addition, this paper also summarized the characteristics of the export mode structure, including the processing trade give priority to feeding processing trade, and the main enterprises belong to the foreign investment enterprise. At last, viewed from export international area and the export domestic area, this paper explained the evolution course and characteristics of Chinese export area structure. In terms of the problems of the export structure, in order to correspond the sequence of analysis, this paper summarized the problems of the export commodity structure, the export mode structure and the export area structure, and mainly pointed out the problems of our country at present. It emphasized the fact that China is not the export power. The problems mainly are:the development and the international competitiveness of our country's export commodity are at a low level. Processing trade development is not good enough and excessively depends on foreign investment enterprise. The export international area structure and export domestic area structure are imbalanced. At the end of this article, according to the above existing problems of the export structure, this paper put forward to the countermeasures to optimize our country's export structure, such as we need to optimize the industrial structure, thus fundamentally change the unreasonable situation of our export structure; Strengthen the science and technology content of the export goods, then take the opportunity of the intellectual property rights to enhance brand image of our export commodity; Speed up the transformation and upgrading of processing trade to process the high-end procedures of global industrial chain; Reduce the excessive dependence on foreign investment enterprise, so as to establish our own multinational corporation; Promote the diversification of export international area and adjust export domestic area to make the export area structure further scattered. I hope the series of suggestions can be adopted by China's policy makers and executives, and make them rethink and reposition our current export policy.The overall objective of this paper is to provide technical guidance and countermeasures, before it researched the evolution of our country's export structure and found the problems. To accomplish this goal, the paper used the literature research, comparative analysis and chart analysis and other methods, not only made the analysis clear, but also made the characteristics and the existing problems of Chinese export structure clear. Although this paper was lack of the theoretical depth and systemic empirical test, and it didn't find out the decision factors and development mechanism, the analysis of the realistic was comprehensive and reasonable; it is a good introduction to the evolution course of the Chinese export structure.