| China is a vast country with large population, rich resources and market potential, but also China is a developing country in which different areas differs in the regional resource endowments, socio-economic basis, the problem of unbalanced regional economic development has attracted wide attention.Especially from 1996, the development gap between the eastern and western regions widened sharply, which is the macroeconomic background of the central government'western development strategy. In Shandong Province as a microcosm of the country, there are similar regional economic differences. Since 1995, according to the classification method of the Shandong provincial government, Shandong Province can be divided into two regions:eastern region and western region. Eight cities belong to the eastern region, including Qingdao, Jinan, Weihai, Yantai, Dongying, Rizhao, Zibo, Weifang. The others belong to the western region. Due to significant differences in geographical location and the degree of marketization, there is a big gap of the level of economic development between the eastern and western regions.In the process of economic development, non-equilibrium gradually revealed and the economic gap is widened rapidly. In addition, between urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, there is big difference in the level of economic development and people's living standards. If there are no effective measures to solve them, the gap will be further widened and the economic and social sustainable development will be affected.Regional differences in economic development are a universal problem round the world. Regional differences in economic development mean some regions have faster growth rate, higher levels of economic development and greater economic strength than other regions within one country. So developed regions and developed regions coexist within one country.Development theory in district economy is the theoretical basis for regional economic analysis. The development Theory in district economy has gone through the development theory of balanced regional economy, the development theory of balanced regional economyRegional economic development theory is the theoretical basis for regional economic analysis, in academia; regional economic development theory has gone through the theory of balanced regional development, the theory of unbalanced regional development and later the theory of regional harmonious development.The regional economic development of Shandong from 1984 to 2007 can be divided into three stages:In the first phase (1984-1991):"Opening the eastern, developing the western, uniting both and going ahead together"; In the second phase (1984-1991): "Opening fully, breaking through the major, advancing step by step, and uniting the eastern and the western"; In the third phase (2003-2007):" Leading by the pioneer, breaking through the major, promoting the stronger and helping the weaker, and developing coordinately". In the paper, based on the theory of regional economic development, we will analyze the state-of-art and the origin of regional economy of Shandong in detail.In this paper, we take 17 cities in Shandong as study sample and select 58 items in 6 subsystems systemically and scientifically to constitute the evaluation system for the regional economic development. By using factor analysis on the 11 indicators, we conclude the integrated variation of regional economic diversity in Shandong. Thus, we can get the common factor eigenvalues, contribution rate and the cumulative contribution rate by SPSS. As a typical factor of urbanization, F1 represents the overall economic strength of the target region; as the economic structure and efficiency factor; Factor F2 reflects a region's economic structure and economic efficiency. Factor F3 is defined as the factor for agricultural, science and education development.By SPSS, we calculate the comprehensive evaluation from 8 common factors.17 cities in Shandong can be divided into six levels according to the comprehensive evaluation in 2009 with 0.3 as the step. Qingdao ranks in the first grade; Yantai, Jinan and Weifang belong to the second grade; 3 cities in the third level, respectively, Linyi, Jining and Zibo; 5 cities in the fourth grade, namely Dongying, Dezhou, Heze, Tai'an and Weihai; at last, Laiwu ranks in the sixth grade.Calculated by SPSS 8 common factor scores, calculate the composite score, and then cities in Shandong Province in 2009 overall ranking of 0.3 for the differential, the Shandong Province,17 prefecture-level city of stratification:the first level of Qingdao; first two levels of three cities, respectively, Yantai, Jinan, Weifang; third level has three cities, respectively, Linyi, Jining City, Zibo; fourth grade five cities, namely Dongying, Dezhou, Heze City, Tai'an City, Weihai; fifth grade four cities, namely, Binzhou City, Liaocheng, Zaozhuang city, Rizhao; sixth grade only Laiwu.By analyzing related data, we have found the following characteristics of regional economic diversity in Shandong Province. Firstly, there are notable differences of regional economic spatial distribution of Shandong. Secondly, there are some symptoms that the economic developments run to two extremes in different areas. Seven Cities get scores above zero and ten cities under zero in recent comprehensive evaluation. Finally, the economic value of the comprehensive score of Shandong cities distributed as a "gourd" shape. Qingdao ranks in the first grade with obvious advantages. Yantai, Jinan and other 4 cities belong to the second grade. The other cities, such as Dongying and Dezhou, fall into the third grade.According to the same analysis method, we have selected 58 items in 6 subsystems of Shandong cities to evaluate the differences in regional economic development in 2000. We get the eigenvalues, contributions and score matrix by SPSS. Thus, the comprehensive evaluation of regional economic differences is reached for 17 cities in Shandong.Through analyzing the changes of regional economy differences from 2000 to 2009 of Shandong, we conclude the following characteristics:(1) there is much more obvious trend that the regional economy runs to two extremes. On the whole, it appears as strong stronger and the weak weaker. (2) The "gourd" shape of comprehensive evaluations is changing. Many more cities join in the third grade. (3) The difference of the same grade is larger. (4) The difference between grades is larger. (5) the average of comprehensive evaluations falls down and the number of the third grade is increasing.There are many aspects result in the economic imbalance of regional development. (1) the geographical position and Natural resources; (2) Previous infrastructure; (3) quality of labor force; (4) the structure and degree of market-oriented of local industries; (5) policies and development strategies of central and local government; (6) the executing and regulating ability of local government.Based on the fact of imbalance of regional economy described above, we propose some countermeasures to promote regional economic development in Shandong. (1) Directed by the scientific concept of development, we must constitute economic development strategies scientifically to promote regional economic development in Shandong. We should treat the blue economic zone as an opportunity to improve and clarify the regional economic development strategy. (2) Oriented with sustainable development, we need to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure, accelerate the pace of the regional economy as a whole, and develop the leading industry clusters. (3) Supervised by the complex executive concept, we can transform the government functions and provide inter-region public services. |
PDF Full Text Request