The Optimization Of Public Transport Price Based On Evolution Game Theory

Traffic congestion is more and more worsen with increasing of motor vehicle number in city. It is a common view that public transport is developed firstly to relieve the level of traffic congestion and meet travel demand. Rational policy for public transport is helpful to enhance transit attractive rate and coordinate all of transit mode. Optimize price structure of public transport is a part of price policy. This paper aims to find optimal price structure and do evolutionary game according to results of optimization. The work of paper is meaningful to transit price reform and the sustainable development of public transport in theory and practice.Utility theory and game theory are used to define the cost of transit trip and operation basing on behaviors analysis of transit participator, including transit travelers and enterprises. It can confirm the mode split behavior for passenger and competition and cooperation between transit companies. Multi-Logit model is adopted to describe the mode split in the light of influencing factors to mode split. Price strategy set is given to enterprises and carried evolutionary game analysis for them.The price optimization models of public transport with maximum payoff of company and system are advanced as price strategies of operator and public transport system. Evolutionary route and evolutionary stability strategy are obtained by transit price strategies and evolutionary game model. Simultaneously, evolutionary stable points are proved for different payoff and evolutionary route and evolutionary stability strategy are given under each level of payoff of enterprise.Bus number 120 and light rail number3 between Nanhu Road and Jia Bowan Zone are used as case study to obtain the optimal price structure in Changchun city. Each transit price strategy is analyzed by evolutionary game under different payoff with different strategy, which to obtain the evolutionary route and evolutionary stability strategy of bus and light rail.