| Wireless mesh network (WMN) which is relatively static evolves from the Ad Hoc network. Wireless mesh network is a new networking technology which is different from any other wire or wireless networks. The best important technology of WMN is to access the Internet through multiple hops. It has some characteristics such as self-organization and self-healing. It meets people's growing demands for the network with high speed and high capacity, and its low cost and easy installation features also make it more widely used in all kinds of situations.There are a lot of researches in WMN. This paper focuses on solving network load balance to improve the capacity and speed of the network.The chapter firstly introduces the characteristics of WMN, the structure of WMN, the difference between WMN and the Ad hoc Network, the key technologies of WMN, routing protocols and the applications of WMN. This part emphasizes the routing protocol, because the routing protocol is very important to the performance of network optimization. The routing protocols are introduced in accordance with the network topology structures. We especially introduce some typical routing protocols such as proactive routing protocol, on-demand routing protocol and the mixed routing protocol.The chapter secondly introduces the study of balance load in WMN. In this part, firstly it introduces the reasons of unbalance load in the network. Then it focuses on the various existing strategies to solve unbalance load in WMN. For strategies to cope with unbalance load in gateways, we mainly introduce the Moving Boundary-based Load Balancing and the Partitioned Host-based Load Balancing. For solving load balancing problem at the center of the wireless mesh network, the routing strategies based on ring are mainly introduced. The chapter thirdly mainly introduces the alternative methods of a strategy of gateways selection based on HWMP (Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol) protocol to cope with unbalance load in gateways. Firstly, the chapter introduces the HWMP protocol in detail. Then it describes the problem of the gateway selection among many gateways. And then, after analyzing the existing parameters in the gateway selection, we put forward a strategy of multi-gateway selection based on the HWMP which based on the analysis of the existing in the gateway selection of parameters. Finally the chapter describes the basic process of the network and the basic process of the gateway selection. At the same time, the chapter also performs a test which bed on Net Simulator 2. The result shows that in the multi-gateway environment, the throughput and the speed of the network are all improved significantly.The chapter fourthly proposes a multi path routing strategy which aims at the unbalance loading problem at the center of the wireless mesh network. Firstly this chapter compares the advantages and disadvantages of various existing multi-path routing protocols. And then it advances a multi-path routing strategy based on the HWMP protocol, whose selection is based on the transporting capacity of the nodes, the quality of the paths and the congested degree. The experimental results show that this method has a good performance in promoting network throughput, and shorting the delay from peer to peer.The last part gives a brief summary and puts out the studying directions. In the future, we will mainly focus on how to deal with distribution and rearrangement after aggregating in destination of data stream, while using the least cost to route the data over multiple paths simultaneously. |
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