Research And Characteristic Analysis Of 3DV-Distance Difference Algorithm In Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks

It is a self-organization multi-hop routing network system for wireless sensor network(WSN), which is composed of large, low-cost integrated micro-sensor nodes through wireless communication. It can perceive, collect and dispose the information from the perceived object in the network overlay area and then send to the observer. It is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary techniques and multi-knowledge crossed research realm involved in sensor technology, network communication technology, wireless transmission technology, embedded technology, distributed information processing technology, microelectronics manufacturing technology, software programming technology and so on. WSN has a wide range of potential applications including national defense, environment monitoring, medical systems, target tracking, habitat sensing and stock controlling. Location information is a prerequisite for incident location report, geographic routing, target tracking and network management system features. In order to provide valid location information, the node which collected data must be real-time positioning. Therefore, node localization of is a key technology of WSN.At the present time, the research of two-dimensional node localization of WSN has matured, but three-dimensional node localization still lacks deep systematized study. With the development of WSN and its wide application, the research of three-dimensional node localization in time is very important and necessary for meeting the need of era.This paper describes the architecture of wireless sensor networks and its characteristics, status and applications, which points out the significance, basic concepts, basic principles, classification and localization algorithms commonly used performance indicators of WSN node localization, summarizes several typical nodes positioning systems and algorithms. In order to investigate the three-dimensional node localization of wireless sensor network, we analysis the two-dimensional plane localization algorithms first and provides a new DV-Distance difference algorithm based on two-dimensional DV-Distance difference algorithm and Improved DV-Distance difference algorithm. The algorithm is modified from Improved DV-Distance difference algorithm based on unit distance, which can expand the number of wireless sensor network beacon nodes through upgrading unknown nodes to beacon nodes according to certain condition. As a result, the number of beacon nodes which unknown node can consult increases. In this way, the error of effective distance from unknown nodes to beacon nodes is reduced, therefore the localization error is reduced too. The simulations of two algorithms are carried out by simulation tool MATLAB. The result of simulation shows that the new two-dimensional DV-Distance difference algorithm has more accurate than the other. And then, this paper provides 3DV-Distance difference algorithm in three-dimensional WSN which based on the new two-dimensional DV-Distance difference algorithm. The algorithm calculates the correction error and the distance between the beacon nodes and unknown nodes based on four beacon nodes which is nearest to the unknown node, and expand the number of beacon nodes through upgrading unknown nodes to beacon nodes according to certain condition. When unknown nodes get four distance form beacon nodes, it can know its position. Finally, we extend the DV-Distance difference algorithm based on unit distance to three-dimensional space, and compare It with 3DV-Distance difference algorithm. The result of simulation shows that 3DV-Distance difference algorithm is validity and superiority.