Study On China's Compulsory Education Investment Mechanism

This paper analyze the current situation of China's compulsory (?) investment mechanism and shortcomings, and make some suggestions on the basis of the five factor including principal investor,(?)t content, the investment model and investment principles.Investors of compulsory education of are mainly government departments. There are two main ways of investment:financial transfer payments and direct funding,and the financial transfer payment is main investment way. Content of investment mainly include Compulsory Education Expenses, referring to the personal and public funding, including teachers and administrative staff salaries and subsidies, funding for teacher training, school funding; compulsory education infrastructure charges, including construction funds of the school buildings, canteens, schools and classroom items, acquisition costs, the costs of plumbing, teaching equipment costs, student books, miscellaneous fees, etc.; compulsory education, security charges, mainly of special subsidies for the protection of the family economically poor students, the successful completion of compulsory education. The investment model is the Equalization of Opportunities mode, the funding methodology minimum standards combined with individual (?)t. Investment principles includes the principle of equity and efficiency.From the investment status of China's compulsory education,, there are some problems of China's compulsory education investment mechanism, including:inadequate investment, the specific lack of the total income of the county-level financial performance, a direct result of the county finance compulsory education investment limited financial resources, and as the responsibility for compulsory education investment are not clear; investment efficiency is not high, the dislocation of the rights and financial power of the county government, the shrinking in every step of the investment, and the phenomenon of investment links from the people; investment horizons are not broad, channel is single, particularly government above the provincial level invest not enough in compulsory education, the investment system is flawed and limited,social funds are not attracted and encouraged to get in the investment for no education policy, which directly get the result of our compulsory education having the main source of financial transfer payment investment, but as the lack of financial strength,so there is shortage of resources in many primary and secondary school education; compulsory education investment operation is not reasonable and specific rules,and all levels of government have no control measures; protection measures are not enough, state of investment is in confusion; supervision mechanism is on the lack, and there are oversights in the details of the regulations, lax enforcement of impunity, resulting in black-box operation in the investment process.To solve these problems,we give a number of recommendations. First, all levels of government investment division responsibilities must be clear, thus we can protect the funding and investment in compulsory education, and find the main responsibility when things go wrong. Secondly, we must improve the system of fiscal transfer payment of compulsory education, the main transfer payment should be made clear to all funders and receivers. Funders,who give the financial transfer payment funding sources, include central government and provincial governments. The central government issued the funds transfer payments to provincial and county governments, the provincial government issued a funds transfer payments to the county governments. For the receivers, there are two points must be clear:the areas to get money are whose finance is lower than the investment criteria, and who can not meet the standards through the efforts of the region; county government is the main who can get the financial transfer payment subject. Next, we must ensure the funds for compulsory education, specific measures are as follows:First, the poor student financial assistance system to should be extended to migrant children and private school students, the funds can be multi-share, the rural poor students life subsidy standards should be improved, funding management process should be simplified in order to protect the recipients of the students' self-esteem, and reduce the psychological harm to them; Second, the development of compulsory education, minimum security should be flexible and variable in the adjustment to consider the economic and social development; Third, the funding system of cost of schoo-age children should be calculated average annual. Finally, we must set up the supervision protection and management mechanism, to make investment levels higher,and improve the county government compulsory education investment level, and we should urge the county government to make resonal use of funding and to improve investment efficiency.