Study On China's Track And Field Athletes Height, Weight And Quetelet Index In Geographical Features

Our country has vast territory and large population, the ecological environment, economic life as well as the historical cultural context are different. As a result of geography difference, the physique of race have various shapes,and different physical shapes's athletic ability is able to discriminate. Its shape condition has the important physiological significance to the form factor of comprehensive item of group athlete's athletic ability in speed, fast strength and endurance . And the height, weight and Quetelet Index (body weight/height×1000)play an especially important role in track athlete's selection. The literature take China's registered track and field athletes as the object of research. Baced on the method of literature, interviews, questionnaires,,using factor analysis,it discussed the group character of China's track and filed athletes's height, weight and Quetelet Index. It divided different ares to analyse the region difference about the track and filed athletes's height, the body weight and Quetelet Index,and it reveal the law of geographical distribution , the geographical suitability of the project and Influential factors. It provide a theoretical basis.for the scientific selection of China's track and field athletes, rational distribution of the track and field, promote the orderly flow of personnel and improve the efficiency of our competitive track and field inputs andoutputs.The main conclusions of this study :(1)China's male and female athletes of height, weight and Quetelet index has distinctive characteristics and different groups of athletes have their specific range of values in the 3 target, and have high differentiation. While as the most important basis form targets'95% Confident interval for the players'selection,the level of 3 targets are apparent less than the world's excellent Track and field athletes(2)China's male and female track and field athletes of different groups of height, weight, and Quetelet index were significantly different, and the sizes of its sort by the three indicators are consistent. It show in height: All-round project> Throwing project > Jumping project > Short cross-project> Long-distance project> Ultralong distance project.It show in weight and Quetelet index: Throwing project > All-round project> Jumping project > Short cross-project> Long-distance project> Ultralong distance project.(3)our men and women athletes of different groups of height, weight and Quetelet index have the geographical distribution in common with the general population.,showing a clear trend from north to south, that is the north is significantly greater than south.(4)Between China's track and field athletes of different groups of height, weight and Quetelet index and per capita income, per capita GDP do not exist correlation ,and it different from the conclusion which drew about the the relationship between ordinary people's physique and socio-economic factors years ago. There is significant positive correlation between different groups'athletes of height, weight and Quetelet index and latitude,as well as sunshine,and it have significant negative correlation with air temperature and rainfall,which is the same with previous findings.The relation between different groups'athletes of height, weight ,Quetelet index and latitude is better than the relation with air temperature, rainfall and sunshine,while the relation with air temperature, rainfall and sunshine is better than the relation with per capita income and per capita GDP.(5)Apart from the natural climate factors,human's figure is also related to human's race and ethnic migration. In addition, as a large special population groups,whether athletes'physical geographical differences also affected by other factors,such as: the selected models and evaluation criteria of athletes, sports training methods and means, training period, athletic competition and sports injuries, it requires further in-depth exploration.(6)The development of China's athletics has obvious geographical suitability, and it showed a peculiar geographical distribution. Sprint and various jumping events in some southern regions are more appropriate,and it is more suitable for some areas in the north to carry out throwing, the long and Ultra-long projects. Hurdles, triple jump, javelin and other projects in the south and north are carried out for selection. All-around project is a reflection on athlete's speed strength, endurance,and other overall qualities,and the low latitude which do well in Short cross-project and Jumping projects ,whose Ideal results is better than high latitude. China has a few areas showing the distribution of the special situation of the project, the reason may be related to the area of the special natural environment, climate or special social conditions.