College Students Career Decision-making Difficulties Individual Psychological Factors Research

In recent years, university education has developed from elite education model into today's public education model, China's college students are facing increasing competition and pressure of employment. Super's Career development theory believes that,14-25year-old is a phase of career exploration. Students at this stage need to complete the role transition from "student" to "professional", But for various reasons, such as lacking of some vocational skills, lacking of confidence, obtaining too little career information, obtaining conflict Career information, or unclear self-awareness and so on, which making college students in the transition do not know to engage in which profession, or have difficulties in making a choice from the several occupations, that si appearing career decision-making difficulties.Previous studies of career decision-making difficulties, mainly focused on the amendment to the measurement tools of career decision making difficulties, reviewing the difficult career decision-making research progress, and researches of differences in demographic variables. Of course, parts of the research on career decision making difficulties'influencing factors were studied But the involved factors were not enough. Researcher believes that, remaining in the level of analying career decision-making difficult situation can not meet the needs of today's society. Therefore, to further explore the career decision making difficulties of college students is particularly important. It should also be aware that the specialty is an important factor in college students' career decision-making. According to the survey of college students of employment, the professional is the first or the most important factorStudents willing to stay in a career with the professional in line with the wishes of the stronger will be more proactive, and to understand more fully the major, thus reducing the difficulties in career decision-making process. So exploring the relationship among career decision-making difficulties, social support (environmental factors), achievement motivation and professional commitment (personal factors) has great practical significance.This research is to study the relationship among social support, achievement motivation, professional commitment and college students' career decision making difficulties. Study selected sophomore, juniors and seniors a total of457from three universities in Xi'an,, including241boys and186girls; begotten64, non-exclusive383; professional consistent with interest282and, professional and inconsistent with interest171; selecting professional out of personal interest161, others recommended173, school transfers119. This study aimed to investigate the difficult situation of Xi'an College Students in career decision making, and to further explore individual psychological factors that affect college students' career decision-making difficulties. After analysis, discussion, the main conclusions are as follows:1. Without significant gender differences on career self-exploration, determining of career goals and career decision-making difficulties total score. However, there is significant gender difference in career information exploration and career planning exploration, girls show more difficulties than boys.2. Between begotten or not, rural and urban students, the types of different disciplines, college students on career decision making difficulties total score and dimension do not exist significant differences.3. College students of professional consisting with interest or not don't exist significant difference on career self-decision making, but on career information exploration, career planning exploration, identifying career goals and career decision making difficulties total score, there are significant differences. On these variables, professional consistent with interest college students scored significantly higher than professional inconsistent with interest students, that is to say, professional inconsistent with interest students showed more difficulties on these areas.4. Students of selecting the professional for various reasons have no significant differences on career information exploration, career self-exploration, career planning exploration career self-decision making and career decision making difficulties total score, but there is significant difference on determining career goals. Choosing specialty for individuals interest college students scored significantly higher than the school transfers college students on the dimension of determining career goals.5. There are significant positive correlations among college students' career decision-making difficulties and social support, the pursuit of achievement motivation and professional commitment. Which means that pursuit of achievement motivation, professional commitment and social support have a significant positive effect on career decision making difficulties.6. Professional commitment plays a fully mediated on social support to affect career decision-making difficulties, and plays a partly mediated on pursuit of achievement motivation to affect career decision-making difficulties.