A Study On The Relationship Among Attachment To Parents, Self-identity And Career Exploration Of College Students

Career exploration is defined as encompassing those activities, which directed toward enhancing knowledge of the self and the external environment, including two aspects, one is self exploration and the other is environment exploration. Self-exploration that allows individuals to understand their interests and abilities, the environment allows individuals to explore employment opportunities and access to different work on the actual situation. Exploration of self and the environment can provide the individual with the interest and ability level for specific career information that in turn is conducive to appropriate and reasonable career choice.Super is a very important area of professional development impact of people, from a development point of view he put forward a very useful theoretical framework for career development. He pointed that career exploration is very important which the basis of individual career decision making is. Super (1957) pointed out that the individual factors (such as: individual attitudes, personality characteristics, intrinsic interest, etc.) and environmental factors (parents, peers, and the impact of other important figures, etc.) affect the development of exploration skills and exploratory behavior, but did not provide these specific details of factors. Previous studies focused on motivation, self-efficacy as individual factors, and selected family function, peer relations as environmental factors, but there are fewer studies that focus on both two factors. In this study, individual factors and environmental factors affect the career exploration of this premise, select the attachment and self-identity of the two factors as independent variables and explore their impact on the students'career exploration. Attachment theory pointed that the link between children and family members could support emotional security when the children faced stress and enable them to do some exploring actively (Ainsworth, 1982). Individuals who have a secure attachment relationship will be more confident and have courage to carry out a positive career exploration activities. Erikson's identity theory is stressed individuals at different stages of development face different tasks; only adjusting the inner self to adapt to environmental changes can complete the task successfully. Individuals who have good self-identity will be more active in career exploration and lay a solid foundation for career decision-making when they face the career choice.In this study, to sum up the full text, the following conclusions were showed:(1) There were significant differences on differentiation of self-identity and career exploration between male and female. Males have higher career exploration level than females; freshman students in the diffusion dimension of self-identity scores were significantly higher than the other three grades, achievement dimension in terms of senior student Scored significantly higher than the freshmen and junior students; as the grade increased, the individual's career exploration also increases.(2) There were significant differences on differentiation of attachment between address and one-child family type. There was significant difference on differentiation of self-identity between one-child family and non-only child family. The one-child in the dimension of communication with the mother were significantly higher than non-only child, in the dimension of alienation with the mother were significantly lower than non-only child. Individuals who live in the city scored significantly higher in the dimension of communication with the mother than ones who lives in the rural and urban, and lower in the dimension of alienation with the mother than ones who lives in the rural and urban.(3) There are remarkably correlation between each dimension of attachment and the two dimensions of career exploration. Attachment can predict career exploration.(4) There are remarkably correlation between each dimension of ego-identity and the two dimensions of career exploration. Ego-identity can predict career exploration.(5) Self-identity is a partial intermediary factor between attachment and career exploration in college students.