| Objective: To investigate the internet using situation and influencing factors of internet addiction in students in Hubei, and explore the feasibility of group psychological guidance to decrease internet addiction and improve mental health status of students, so to lay basis for conducting effective interventions.Methods:①Five thousands and seventy three students were sampled from Wuhan (four junior schools, three senior schools and one vocational school) and Macheng (two senior schools, six junior schools and one vocational school) by stratified cluster convenience sampling. The students were investigated by using inventories and scales, such as General information inventory, Goodman's Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ), Self-Rating Depression Scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), internet addiction questionnaire and Life Satisfaction Scale.②With the informed consents, nineteen students with internet addiction were intervened by using group psychological guidance within 2-3 months, with their mental health status tested by questionnaires before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect. Software SPSS 17.0 was used for descriptive analysis, single-factor analysis and unconditional Logistic multivariate stepwise regression analysis.Results:1. Internet use in urban and rural middle school students:1.1 The internet use rate of middle school students was 92.94% on average and that of urban and rural middle school students was 95.3% and 91.2% respectively. The internet use rate of urban middle school students was significantly higher than that of rural middle school students (P<0.05). The internet use rate of rural girls was the lowest and it was 87.6%, while that of city boys, city girls and town boys was 95.7%, 94.9% and 93.9%, respectively.1.2 The prevalence of Internet addiction in middle school students was 14.6% on average It was 15.2% in city and 14.0% in rural respectively, showing no siginificant difference (P > 0.05). IAD rate of urban boys was the highest and it was 21.0%, while that of town boys, city girls and town boys was 16.9%, 9.6% and 9.8%, respectively.2. Influencing factors of internet addiction in urban and rural middle school students:2.1 Family situation: The rate of internet addiction in urban students with different family conditions hadn't statistically significant (P > 0.05). In rural students IAD rate increased as their father and mother's education level increased. The rate of internet addiction in rural students whose father and mother's occupation were entrepreneurs was highest, which was 27.8% and 44.4%; the rate of internet addiction in rural students whose fathers and mother's occupation were farmers was lowest(P﹤0.05), which was 10.3% and 9.2%.2.2 The characteristics of internet usage: IAD rate of the students increased with the increase of online time every week in both urban and rural areas. The IAD rate of middle-school students in city and town whose online time was more than 21 hours every week was 39.7% and 23.4%, respectively. The IAD rates of middle school students who usually use internet in internet bar were the highest for both urban and rural students, 16.7% and 23.1% respectively, in comparsion with internet use in other places. The IAD rates of middle school students who use internet at school was the lowest, 8.6% and 5.3% for urban and rural students respectively.2.3 The mental health condition: Internet Addiction rates of students in urban and rural areas increased with the order of severity of depression and anxiety. Internet addiction students usually have more problems in emotional or behavior than normal students. Greater than 80.0% students with Internet addiction have different degrees of depression and anxiety problems. Overall the satisfactions with the quality of life of Internet addiction students in teacher-student relationship, parent-child relationship and work attitude etc 12 factors are worse than the normal students. The internet addiction students in life convenient and living environment are also worse then normal use students (P﹤0.05), but the city without such difference.2.4 Multivariate analysis: For rural students the risk variables that enter the Multiple Linear Regression Model with the level of 0.05 were male, longer average online time, using internet with the purpose of making friends, with depression and anxiety problems; while the protective factors were high satisfaction of life quality , good parent-child relationship, positive attitude towards study. In urban the risk factors were male, longer average online time, with depression and anxiety problems; while the internet addiction protective factors were high satisfaction of life quality, good teacher-student relationship, positive attitude towards study.3. Evaluation of intervention effects Nineteen students with internet addiction participated in group psychological training. The mental health status of such students were statistical improved (p<0.05) in family problem solving ability, emotion response and interpersonal relationship, but were not significantly improved in other aspects (p>0.05).Conclusion:1. The rate of urban students using internet is higher than that of rural students; IAD rate of urban boys was the highest. So city boy is the key crowd for intervening.2. IAD of middle school students in city were influenced by network use characteristics, depression and anxiety conditions, and satisfaction of life quality, etc. The factors of IAD in rural students include all of the above factors and general family environment. Therefore, it's very important to take comprehensive measures to prevent and cure internet addiction for different students.3. Short-term group counseling has shown some effect, but further research is needed to develop effective group psychological guidance for long-term intervention. |
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