| Cultural exchanges between different countries accelerate the development of translation. In the past few decades, translation diversified greatly. It is no longer restricted in linguistic level and is studied under the circumstances of cultural context influenced by politics, history, and culture and so on.Since 1980s, the manipulation school represented by Lefevere have studied translation from non-linguistic level. Lefevere proposed the famous rewriting theory holding the view that translation was rewriting. All rewritings, whatever their intentions, reflect a certain ideology and poetics and as such manipulate literature to function in a given society in a given way. Rewriting theory includes three control factors:ideology, poetics and patronage, which manipulate translators'choice of the original, translation strategy and translation wording from different aspects.This thesis adopts rewriting theory to analyze Hu Shi's translation. Hu Shi was the leader of New Culture Movement. His fame of literary revolution might have drowned that of literary translation so most of his translated works were marginized. During Hu's translation, he didn't exactly follow Yan Fu's principle of "faithfulness" which was regarded as the orthodox translation strategy. Influenced by Chinese ideology of that time, Hu Shi tended to choose those works advocating patriotic spirits and freedom of personality. On poetics, Hu Shi advocated vernacular movement and encouraged vernacular translation especially in poem translation, initiating the new era of translation. Hu Shi was also affected by his patrons, such as Chen Duxiu, Cai Yuanpei, etc.. The occupation offered by them not only guaranteed Hu Shi's social status but also his economic living. They also supported Hu Shi in his academic works. All of these factors functioning together identify the style, theme and manner of Hu Shi's translation.Theory can be tested and perfected by practice. Through the analysis of Hu Shi's translation from rewriting theory, we can come to the conclusion. For one thing, we confirm this theory's feasibility; for another, this illustrates the reason why Hu Shi's translations "drift away" from "faithfulness"... |
