Research Of Hushi' Method

More and more scholars have been studying Hushi's thought since reform and opening up. In these studies, Hushi's study of the method is the key and the core issue. Hushi practices his own method all the time, whether in the process of the scholarly research or in the process of political and diplomatic activities. Therefore, I select Hushi's method as the topic of my master's thesis.This article includes five parts.The first part is an introduction. This article is mainly about the object of the study, significance of the study, review of the academic about this topic,the writing methods and Innovation pointsThe second part is the background of Hushi's method.This part will analysis from two ways.One is the background of the time and the other is the academic background.The failure of the bourgeois revolution advanced the progressive intellectuals of China to think that they must introduce the western culture as their guide if they want to create a new system. When China's Classic Study in Qing Dynasty is in the beleaguered situation, American pragmatism (Dewey's experimentalism primarily) meets the need of Chinese people against feudal authority,the need of the aggressiveness and the need of calling for "revaluation of all values".In the May Fourth period, the experimental philosophy of John Dewey in China have been widely disseminated.The third part is the content of Hushi's method. Hushi's method is a complete system,which built on top of the experimental philosophy of John Dewey. Hushi's method is the method of experimentalism,which contains three Interrelated parts.They are the method of doubt,the experimental method and the historical method. The method of doubt is the logical starting point of Hushi's method system. Experimental method and historical method are the two support points of Hushi's method system. The method of doubt is mainly manifested in the four aspects. They are the attitude and personality of independent thinking, problem awareness, doubtful spirit and attention to the evidence. Experimental method is the three-step method. After the three-step method proposed by Hushi,he also puts forward the "bold hypothesis, carefully verification." Hushi puts forward two issues in order to prevent "bold hypothesis, carefully verification" from being abstracted in the process of application. On the one hand, hushi proposes his requirement on the prerequisite of the "bold hypothesis",that is,you must develop the habit of scholarship which is '"diligence, rigor, peace,slowness ". On the other hand, he puts forward the restriction of "carefully verification",that is, he proposes stringent requirements on the evidence.Hu Shi's "bold hypothesis, carefully verification" and constraints on hypothesis and verification are the content of three-step method in terms of essence.Thus, Hushi's experimental method is three-step method. Historical method is the method of grandparents and grandchildren,In essence,which is the method of emphasis on cause and effect.The fourth part is the theoretical origin of Hushi's method. Hushi's method is the mixture of Chinese and Western cultures. The Chinese cultural background of Hushi's method of doubt is Confucian doubtful thought and the thought of Qing Pu School's "Doubtful" spirit and attention to the evidence. Western cultural background is Huxley' agnosticism and John Dewey's experimentalism. Although Hushi's method of doubt served as a significance of world view in the May Fourth period,the main role is for the academic purpose and pays more attention to the link of verification. Dewey's method of doubt is applied to the people's survival level and pays more attention to the link of hypothesis..Experimental method are affected by Dewey's five-step method and Qing Pu school. Hushi's experimental method pays attention to looking for evidence,which is mainly applied to the academic level and talks about inductive and deductive method from the point of scientific method. Dewey's experimental method emphasizes on creating evidence,which is mainly applied to the survival level and talks about inductive and deductive method from the point of the process of people's cognition. The Chinese cultural background of hushi's historical method are the historical method of Qing Pu school and the eastern Zhejiang historical School. Western Origin is Darwin's theory of evolution. Dewey's historical method pays attention to the survival of individuals, asks someone personally to be involved in the process of life and requests this method to solve the practical problems in life, so people can lead a better life. Hushi's historical method pays attention to the field of scholarship, requiring people to be external to the object of study, so people can get the relative scientific knowledge about the object of study.The fifth part is the significance of Hushi's method. Hushi's method not only played an important role in the Enlightenment, but also had a profound impact on the academic history of modern China. Since then, people's way of thinking has undergone major changes and academic paradigm of modern China has also changed a lot.