The Relationship Between EB Virus And Thyroid Carcinoma

Objective: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor ofthe head, and also occupy the first place of endocrine tumors.The incidence isdifferent with region, age and gender. According to statistics, at the end of thelast century,the Hawaii region has the highest incidence, and the incidence ofPoland is the lowest.For sex ratio, M: F is1/2to1/4,(1.2/100000for male,3/100000for female). Thyroid carcinoma is more common in20-50yearsage and rare in children before the age of15.Its mortality rate is relatively low,accounted for about0.5%of the death cases of cancer. In recent years, theglobal incidence of thyroid carcinoma has increased year by year, annualgrowth is about4%,and China's thyroid cancer incidence increased. Accordingto results of " Thyroid disease epidemiology of ten citities in China ",prevalence of thyroid diseases is18.6%, and thyroid cancer accounts for5%to10%, but in10years ago, China's thyroid prevalence rate is only5%, itaroused attention on thyroid carcinoma.Pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma is not very clear,and its incidence isdifferent with gender, age, country, ethnic differences and other factors.Thecurrent known causes include: genetic, ionizing radiation, oncogenes, tumorsuppressor genes, growth factors, hormones and social cultural factors. Furtherstudy of its pathogenesis is very important, in recent years, people found thevirus infection is closely related to tumor occurrence.EB virus is the firstconfirmed virus which is related to tumor occurrence. The study also foundthat EBV is closely related to some tumors which are epithelial origin. Inresponse to thyroid cancer, thyroid gland virus, parvovirus, EB virus havebeen reported, but less. The EB virus research mainly concentrated in gastriccancer, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lymphoma and other aspects,the purpose of this study is to detect if EB exists in thyroid carcinoma,and todiscuss whether EB virus infection associated with thyroid cancer or not. Methods: The experimental specimens are113cases of thyroid tumorspecimens,which are paraffin-embedded, from gland surgery of Hebei MedicalUniversity affiliated hospital, October2009to July2011. The experimentalgroups according to histological type are thyroid adenoma papillary carcinoma,follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma. Take thecorresponding tumor adjacent tissues as the control group, and take thereference of positive biopsy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from reagentcompany. Application of immunohistochemical SP method for the detectionof EBV-EBNA is combined with in-situ hybridization technique for detectionof EBERs in thyroid tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Createdatabase, using SPSS13.0and SAS software,paired χ2test and the Fisher exactprobability χ2test to analysis the results of statistical analysis.If P <0.05, thedifference shows statistical significance.Results:1,The expression of EBNA-1in thyroid tumor:The positive signals arein cell nucleus,shown in figures. The positive rate of EBNA in papillarycarcinoma is48.0%(24/50), follicular carcinoma36.4%(8/19), medullarycarcinoma group33.3%(3/9), undifferentiated carcinoma28.6%(2/7), thyroidadenoma14.3%(4/28). The expression rate of EBNA is38.5%(10/26) formale,45.8%(27/59) for female. The tumor adjacent tissues showed nopositive expression. Thyroid cancer each histologic type group showed nosignificant differences by Fisher exact probability χ2test (P>0.05), suggestingthat expression of EBNA-1is irrelevant to pathological types. Thyroid cancerand thyroid adenoma shows statistically significant by χ2test (χ2=7.791,P=0.005<0.05). EBNA-1in thyroid carcinoma between different gender showsno statistically significant(χ2=0.391,P=0.532>0.05), suggesting that expressionof EBNA-1is irrelevant to gender.2,The expression of EBER-1in thyroid tumor:EBER-1positive signalsare located in cell nuclei, brown yellow particles, shown in figures. thepositive rate of EBER-1in papillary carcinoma is68.0%(34/50),the follicularcarcinoma52.6%(10/19), medullary carcinoma22.2%(2/9), undifferentiated carcinoma42.9%(3/7), thyroid adenoma35.7%(10/28). The positive rate ofEBER-1is57.7%(15/26) for male,54.2%(32/59) for female.Thecorresponding tissue adjacent to tumors showed no positive expression.Thyroid cancer each histologic type group showed no significant differencesby Fisher exact probability χ2test(P>0.05in each group), suggesting thatexpression of EBNA-1is irrelevant to pathological types. Thyroid cancer andthyroid adenoma shows statistically significant by χ2test (χ2=4.061,P=0.044<0.05). EBER-1in thyroid carcinoma between different gender shows nostatistically significant (χ2=0.087,P=0.768>0.05) suggesting that expression ofEBER-1is irrelevant to gender.3Differences between the two methods:the positive of EBNA-1is43.5%(37/85), and the positive of EBER-1is57.6%(49/85) in thyroid carcinomatissues.The results of in-situ molecule hybridization method andimmunohistochemical method to detect thyroid carcinoma tissue is differentby chi-square criterion, and higher in-situ molecular hybrid method(P=0.043<0.05).Conclusion:1Infection rate of EBV in thyroid benign and malignant tumor tissue isdifferent, and in thyroid carcinoma tissues, EBV infection rate is higher, showsthat the relationship between the thyroid carcinoma may be more closely thanthe thyroid gland tumors.2The pathological type of thyroid carcinoma is no significant differencesin EBV infection, indicating that expression of EBV is irrelevant topathological type.3There is no significant statistically difference between men and women,suggesting that expression of EBV is irrelevant to gender.4In this study, in-situ hybridization is more sensitive than immuno-histochemical method.