| Object: To learn more about the prevalence of the type 2 diabetes mellitus and the relative risk factors among different population in Shenzhen city; to explore the inner relation between the risk factors and the diabetes and forecast the trend of the diabetes; to provide basic data for drafting and evaluating the health policies and interventional measures.Method: Adopting the multi-stage random cluster sampling, the first stage, using the systematic sampling to select 73 from 727 communities, the second stage, using the rule of Isovolumic sampling to select 120 families from 73 communities randomly, the third stage, adopting the Kish Grid table to select randomly the residence whose age were between 20 to 69(living in Shenzhen more than 5 years) as survey subjects.The survey contained questionnaire, medical examination and laboratory testing. Adopt the Epidata3.1 to set the database and SAS9.13 software to do the statistical analysis.Results: (1) The prevalence of the type 2 diabetes of the residence whose age were more than 20 years old was 5.2%(standard rate was 6.2%), including 5.79% for men, 4.78% for women, and significance was found between them (χ~2= 4.3748, P = 0.0365) and IGR rate was 2.97%(standard rate 3.13%), and IGR rate of male was higher than women, 3.43% vs 2.63%, respectively. Difference was statistically significant (χ~2 = 4.6522, P = 0.031).(2) The prevalence of IGR and diabetes increased with increasing age, and both had statistical significance. (3) The professional listed by the prevalence of IGR from high to low were retirees (5.12%), administrative cadre (3.4%), family women (3.25%), for diabetes were retirees (15.4%), others (9.56%), unemployment (5.82%), family women (5.14%), administrative cadre (4.53%).(4) The IGR rate of smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers were 3.5%, 3.77% and 2.79%, respectively. The diabetes rates were 5.73%, 9.8% and 4.8%, respectively; the IGR rate of drinkers, ex-drinkers and non-drinkers were 2.69%, 3.01% and 4.23%, respectively. The diabetes rate were 3.96%, 5.32% and12.7%, respectively.(5) The prevalence of IGR was 2.02% for active exercisers, and the prevalence of diabetes was 2.21%, and for non-active exercisers, 3.65% and 6.66%, respectively.(6) The IGR rate of normal weight, overweight and fat people were 1.9%, 3.88% and 7.37%, respectively. The diabetes rates were 2.91%, 8.69% and 9.83%, respectively.(7) The awareness rate, treatment rate and the control rate of diabetes were 60.81%, 54.05% and 19.82%, respectively.(8) Relative factors of diabetes included: overweight 95%CI (1.68, 6.4), obesity 95%CI (2.41, 11.52), high total cholesterol 95%CI (1.3, 4.25), high systolic blood pressure 95%CI (1.18, 4.53), high total triglycerides 95%CI (215, 7.04), medium magnesium intake 95%CI (0.13, 0.64) and protein diet 95%CI (0.11, 0.78).Conclusions: (1) The prevalence of IGR and diabetes were lower than the national average level, but had an great increase versus 1997.(2) The awareness rate, treatment rate and the control rate of diabetes were lower than the developed countries; therefore, it is necessary to intensify the propaganda of diabetes knowledge.(3) The risk factors were high blood fat, high BMI, high systolic blood pressure, unhealthy diet, less physical exercise, women had pregnancy-induced hypertension, birth with a great son and gestational diabetes history, so it is important to advocate the weight control, reasonable control of their body index, and the residence had previous medical history should pay more attention to prevent the development of diabetes. In the diet, high quality protein proportion, low energy, low fat, high dietary fiber, eating more fruit, more whole grains, consuming manganese, tin, iron, zinc and other minerals, high in vitamin, magnesium and low sodium could reduce the prevalence of diabetes. |
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