Research On Isolation And Preparation Of The Microbial Inoculum Of Farming And Forestry Residues

Composting is an effective and safe way which can kill pathogenic bacteria, stablenutrition elements and organic ingredients, it can also greatly deplete the amount and volumeof agricultural solid waste, at the same time, produce a green, efficient organic fertilizer. Inthe process of rapid composting with bacterium agent, the number of effective compostmicroorganisms which can be the advantage bacterium group increase, the time to thehigheast temperature is shart and the time duration of high temperature extend, the process ofdecomposition of organic material speed up.Solid microbial inoculum is got from the acquisition original bacterium group, sterilewater oscillation extraction, liquid and solid fermentation, and then inoculating culture,adding single bacteria. The effective of the microbial inoculum is evaluated by the laboratorycompost compost and outdoor amplification compost. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The microbial inoculum is a kind of yellow brown solid powder with a little bit stink,those number of effective bacterial amount to6.51×108CFU/g (dry base), miscellaneousbacteria rate is1.35%, the moisture content is19.3%, fineness is82.1, pH is7.4, that inconformity with the relevant provisions of20287-2006GB.(2) The highest temperature is66.8℃and the temperature is maintained above55℃for3.5days; At the end of the process, moisture content down to27.28%, the loss oforganic matter is50%, humic acid content increased by14.69%, which are better than thecontrol group; Composts' GI is62.43%, and number of coliform group is89/g, themortality tapeworm eggs is95.45%, that in conformity with the relevant provisions of NY884-2004.(3) In the experimental group, the release quantity of CO2and NH₃are respectively67.94g (higher than the control group with32.07g), and1.296g (lower than the controlgroup with2.633g) within15days, so adding fungi can enhance corrosion microorganismactivity, reduce emissions and nitrogen losses smell; CO2release quantity and NH₃releasequantity (correlation coefficient r=0.74141, P=0.0016<0.01, N=15), CO2release quantity and temperature (correlation coefficients r=0.91629, P <0.0001, N=15), NH₃released andtemperature (correlation coefficient r=0.66372, P=0.0070<0.01, N=15) are verysignificant positive correlation, which show that high temperature can speed up rottenprocess.(4) In the experimental group, the average cellulose enzyme activity is0.1897mg/(g.d),the coefficient of variation is55.71%, the curve fitting equation is y=0.0052x2+0.0825x0.0388R2=0.7203, namely, cellulose enzyme activity is higher than that in the control group(which average cellulose enzyme activity is0.1628mg/(g.d)), the variation coefficient was52.12%), the reason is that, adding bacteria agent can make the microbes in compost growing,community structure changing, lead to the increase of cellulose degradation bacterium'snumber, and then enhance cellulose degradation ability, speed up corruption process.(5) In the experimental group, urease active fitting equation is: y=0.0035x2+0.0753x0.0197, R2=0.3609, there is a negative correlation (r=0.61543), significant difference (P=0.0146<0.05) between urease active and temperature, namely high temperature can inhibitthe activity of urease active; In the whole process of compost, urease activity ofexperimental group is not always higher than control group, this may be because of theorganic matter lag behind the organic nitrification process carbonization decompositionprocess. Observing the whole rotten period, the average urease activity of experimental group0.5072mg/(g.d) is1.13times as much as that of control group0.4271mg/(g.d), so addingfungi can improve urease activity.(6) In the outdoor amplification experiments, the rotten effect of the adding inoculantgroup is obviously better than control group, so adding inoculant can speed up rotten process.The composts' index except moisture content reach the standard of organic fertilizer. So themicrobial inoculum has certain effect on the production of organic fertilizer and a goodapplication prospects.