| The Pleurotus geeseteranus Singer is a species of basidomycetes which belongs to Pleurotus of Agarical. In recent years, with the increase of cultivation quantity, the row material price elevated caused higher the production cost; the original cultivation pattern has seriously restricted the development of the production of mini mushroom, which used cotton seed hull as primary material. So to seek the appropriate substitution is one of the main problems to be solved in production. In this paper, we chose XiaXiu, which is the main strain in Jiangsu province, as our material to investigate its growth characterization, including the output, the commodity character, the quality of mini mushroom, and 5 extracellular enzyme activities in 6 different conditions and 17 different culture mediums. The results provided an important reference to select excellent medium, and it will be useful for the further research.1. At the stage of cultivating maternal strains, the utilization of Pleurotus geesteranus with six different carbon sources from fructose, glucose, maltose, soluble starch sucrose, lactose and five kinds of nitrogen sources from yeast extract, peptone, NH4Cl, KNO3, (NH4)2SO4 in synthetical medium were studied. The producing law of extracellular enzymes in carbon and nitrogen sources mediums were also studied.The results showed that the optimum carbon source was soluble starch and the optimum nitrogen source was yeast extract. Lactose, peptone and KNO3 were beneficial to the production of CMCase and HCase. As to laccase and amylase, the optimums C-source were soluble starch and lactose, the optimum N-source were yeast extract and peptone. However, to the optimums N-source for amylase were KNO3 and NH4C1, and to peroxidase, the optimum N-source was peptone. In the growth of mycelium,5 extracellular enzyme activities were related to the certain kinds of carbon sources or nitrogen sources. The change of laccase activity was related to the growth of mycelium characterization.2. At the stage of cultivating maternal strains, as far as Pleurous geeteranua was concerned. There were nine groups C/N and nine groups N% were designed. When C/N was from 10:1 to 80:1 and N% was from 0.01% to 0.4%.The results showed that, the optimal C/N was 10:1 to 40:1; more suitable N% was among 0.07% to 0.2%. Five kinds of extracellular enzymes need different C/N and N% during mycelium growth period. Extracellular CMCase and hemicellulase were higher when C/N was among 20:1-30:1 and N% was 0.07%-0.02%. When N% was 0.4% and C/N was 10:1 it was beneficial to the production of CMCase and HCase. As to laccase the optimum N% was 0.2%-0.4%. But the variation of C/N did not play the important role in the production of laccase. When N% was 0.1 and C/N among 10:1 and 20:1, the treatment were beneficial to the production of peroxidase.3. Using cotton seed hull, wood-sawdust, straw powder etc. as components of cultivation medium, there were 17 cultivation medium treatments were designed. According to the assay of growth conditions, days of primordium formation and biological efficiency, it showed that the medium with cotton seed hull, corncob and cattle manure was the best one. Furthermore, NO.4, NO.7, NO.5, NO.12 and NO.13 were screened as the high yield formulations, which was suitable for the cultivation and management of XiaXiu.4. The components of different media greatly influenced the activities of extracellular enzymes, relating to fruit body development. At the stage of trophic growth, the activity of laccase was a little high; it decreased at the stage of fruitbody development, and increased after harvesting the fruitbodies. Meanwhile the activities of CMCase and HCase were low during the stage of trophic growth, and then increased at the phase of reproductive growth, reaching the high value when it went into the mature period of fruitbodies. |
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