Effects Of Different Fertilizer Combinations On Flue-cured Tobacco Growth, Quality And Soil Nutrient

The long-term application of chemical fertilizers has caused soil degradation, soil harden and decline in the quality of flue-cured tobacco in Ping Ding Shan tobacco areas. There are many varieties of fertilizer on the market. It is very important to choose the suitable fertilizer to improve the soil nutrient and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Field experiment has been carried out to study the effects of different fertilizer combinations on soil nutrient and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Jia xian County, Pingdingshan City in 2010. The experiment researches the effects of"conventional chemical fertilizer"(T1,CK),"T1 +soil conditioners","T1 +soil conditioners+ mineral fertilizer","T1+ amino acid organic compound fertilizer","T1+ amino acid organic compound fertilizer + mineral fertilizer"on soil nutrient and the quality of flue-cured tobacco. The most suitable fertilizer and fertilization formula for the soil of full aroma in Jia xian County, Pingdingshan City in 2010 have been chosen. The results showed that:1. The effects of different fertilizer combinations on the soil nutrient of flue-cured tobacco.During the early growing period of flue-cured tobacco, T5 has higher content of available nitrogen than other treatments. As the flue-cured tobacco grows, the nitrogen of every treatment becomes lower and lower. T4 and T5 have higher content of available nitrogen. T2 and T3 have highest content of available phosphorus than other treatments in the growing period of flue-cured tobacco. Add soil conditioners significantly improves the content of available phosphorus. T5 have the highest content of available potassium and soil organic matter, add amino acid organic compound fertilizer and mineral fertilizer significantly improves the content of available potassium and organic matter.2. The effects of different fertilizer combinations on the growth of flue-cured tobacco. T4 significantly improves the plant height, leaf number , dry matter accumulation and the content of chlorophyll than other treatments in the growing stage of flue-cured tobacco.T3 significantly improves the maximum leaf area of flue-cured tobacco in the growing period . Add amino acid organic compound fertilizer and mineral fertilizer promote the tobacco plant root development, T5 significantly improves the dry weight of root and stalk accumulation during the growing period of flue-cured tobacco. Add amino acid organic compound fertilizer and mineral fertilizer significantly improves content of K of flue-cured tobacco. T5 improves the content of K during the tobacco growing. As the flue-cured tobacco grows, the content of K becomes lower and lower. T1 has the lowest content of K in the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco. T3 significantly improves the content of reducing sugar of the flue-cured tobacco and T1 has the lowest content of reducing sugar in the mature stage of flue-cured tobacco.3. The effects of different fertilizer combinations on the quality of flue-cured tobaccoT4 significantly improves the flue-cured tobacco leaf heavy and stem ratio than other treatments. T3 significantly improves the flue-cured tobacco leaf thickness and weight of leaf per area.T3 significantly improves the total sugar and reducing sugar content of flue-cured tobacco, T5 significantly improves tobacco potassium content and potassium chloride ratio and reduces the content of nicotine. Add soil conditioners significantly improve the content of total nitrogen, nicotine of flue-cured tobacco. Compared that the content of nicotine, K, K/Cl, the result showed that T5 has better chemical composition.T4 significantly improves the content of petroleum ether extracts of upper leaves. T5 significantly improves products degraded from carotenoid, the content of neophytadiene and total neutral aroma components. Increasing application of"amino acid organic compound fertilizer + mineral fertilizer"can raise the aroma components of flue-cured tobacco significantly, and better than soil conditioners .4 .The effects of different fertilizer combinations on the content of economic characters of flue-cured tobaccoAs for the production, output value and economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco, T4 have the highest production , T5 have the higher output value than other treatment. T1 have the lowest output value and economic characters. 5. Effect of new-type fertilizers and appropriate fertilizer formula for the ping ding shan tobacco areaCompared with specialty fertilizer, the soil conditioners improved the storage capacity of soil nitrogen and the content of available nitrogen, reduced soil nitrogen losses,and improved the content of total nitrogen and nicotine of flue-cured tobacco, promoted the phosphor activation, improved the content of soil available phosphorus. Amino acid organic compound fertilizer increased plant height and leaf number and promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco plant. It increased the content of chlorophyll and dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco. Amino acid organic compound fertilizer improved the content of petroleum ether extract of upper leaves and the total aroma content of middle leaves. Mineral fertilizer increased the content of available potassium of soil and reduced the content of nicotine of flue-cured tobacco. Combination of amino acid fertilizer and mineral fertilizer increased soil available potassium and the content of K of flue-cured tobacco, it also increased the output value per mu, the average price and the proportion of superior tobacco. In summary, amino acid organic compound fertilizer was a relatively good effect of fertilizer, Adding amino acid organic compound fertilizer 225 kg/ha and mineral fertilizer 375 kg /ha to the conventional fertilization was good to improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco under the nitrogen level of 54kg/ha.