Mutation Effect Of Xiao Yan 81 Deletion Family Induced By Ion Beam

In our country, wheat is the main food crops. How to improve the quality becomes one of important target of wheat breeding. The improvement effect on property of Ion Beam Mutagenesis technology was more significant than Traditional Mutagenesis. With 20 years' development, many scholars did researches on Biological Effects of Ion Beam from mechanism on Ion Beam Mutagenesis technology, mainly from phenotypic effects,cellular effects,biochemical effects and genetic effects, and have made series progress. The materials were the M4 of xiaoyan81 deletion mutation groups in thses experiments, which include three kinds of HMW-GS deletion lines:1Ax1 deletion line, 1Bx14+By15 deletion line, 1Dx2+Dy12 deletion line. Xiaoyan 81 were implanted with N+ (30Kev) ion-beam. The main experiments:analyed parts of the agronomic traits of M4 try to research Ion Beam's biochemical effects from phenotypic variations of offsprings; analyzed high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin and gliadin proteins by SDS-PAGE and A-PAGE techniques try to discover the effects of Ion Beam Mutagenesis technology on wheat storage protein, identify types of integrin mutations, enrich wheat germplasm; Quality analysis of genetic stadility's 1Ax1 deletion line try to research its contribution on wheat quality;researched variations of 1Dx2,Dy12,Bx14 and 1 By 15 subunit genes try to find out mutation mechanism. The following conclusions:1,The agronomic traits of M4Compared with the CK, three kinds of HMW-GS deletion lines have variations in plant height, panicle length, effective tiller, grain shape, grain color, grain plumpness and other traits. 1Ax1 deletion line has the highest average plant height, the maximum average effective tillers and red grain. 1Bx14+1By15 deletion line has the maximum average panicle length, oblong oval and not full grain. 1Dx2+1Dy12 has not full grain, the minimum value in plant height, panicle length and effective tiller. Differences in agronomic traits of them showed that ion beam can make the quantitative character mutated effectively. 2,The analysis of high-molecular-weight gluteninThis experiment systematically analyzed high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin in M4 generation seeds of Xiaoyan 81 variation line by SDS-PAGE technique. Three kinds of HMW-GS deletion lines are detected:lAxl deletion line, 1Bx14+By15 deletion line, 1Dx2+Dy12 deletion line, frequency of the above deletion lines' occurrence is descending as 1Ax1>1Bx14+By15>1Dx2+Dy12. Coefficient of variation is descending as1Ax1>1Bx14+1By15=1Dx2+1Dy12. The results showed that ion beam can make the high-molecular-weight subunits mutated effectively. Varieties pairs of near-isogenic lines formed from kinds of HMW-GS deletion lines and XiaoYan 81. They are the ideal materials to research every subunit's contribution on wheat quality. The result also showed that ion beam technology can enrich wheat germplasm.3,The analysis of gliadin proteinsThis experiment systematically analyzed gliadin proteins in M4 generation seeds of Xiaoyan 81 variation line by A-PAGE techniques. Theωblock has the most variations, next is a block and y block, no mutant phenotype is detected inβblock. Five kinds of mutant phenotypes have detected in gliadin proteins, three of them in 1Ax1 deletion line, 1Bx14+By15 deletion line and 1Dx2+Dyl2 deletion line have one respectively. There is one same band in the five kinds of mutation types. Frequency of three mutant phenotypes in 1Ax1 deletion line'occurrence is descending as 1Ax1c>1Ax1a>1Ax1b. Compared with the CK,1Ax1b deletion line has the smallest genetic similarity coefficient, 1Bx14+By15 deletion line has the biggest genetic similarity coefficient. The results showed that ion beam can make the gliadin proteins gene mutated effectively, but every gene loci has different sensitivity on N+ ion. There are rich gliadin proteins eletrophoretic patterns in high-molecular-weight lAxl deletion line, showed that the gliadin proteins gene loci was genetic polymorphism and complexity.4,Quality analysis of 1Ax1 deletion lineCompared with the CK, 1Ax1 deletion line has same three indicators in a number of quality indicators, such as wet gluten, formation time and flour yield. However there were some significant differences among any other quality indicators. Correlation analysis of 1Ax1 deletion line quality indicators showed, more significant positive correlations were between protein content and resistance, between wet gluten and tensile area, between ductility and flour yield, significant positive correlations were among wet gluten, sedimentation value, ductility, Lots of qualities of 1Ax1 deletion line declined, showed it was quality subunits, its deletion made quality directly decline in the quality. Qualities of 1Ax1 deletion line changed and stably inherited, showed that ion beam mutagenesis technique can be used to breeding new variety.5,The analysis of 1Dx2+1Dy12subunit and 1Bx14+1By15 subunit variationThe results showed ion beam can take lots of gene oding region locies made high variation rate. The mutation types include deletion,insertion,transition and transversion. The main mutation type is transversions, followed by conversion and deletion, insertion mutation types appeared the least number. This showed that·the ion beam has a high mutation rate and a broad mutation spectrum.