| A study was conducted to analyse the chemical composition,GE of nine different DDGS and to determine the digestibilities of GE,proximate nutrients and AA, then established the nutritional indexes of DDGS for growing pigs.Experiment 1 The collection of DDGS and analysis of their general indexs and chemical characteristicsIn experiment 1, we analysed the general indexs,proximate nutrients,AA and aflatoxin B1,B2,G1,G2 of nine different DDGS collected from six major liquor producing areas in Sichuan Province. Results showed that the bulk density of DDGS ranged from 401.0-614.6g/L, average was 500.7g/L; the contents of CF,Ash,CP and GE in DDGS were high, and the averages were 24.17%,5.42%,14.36% and 16.65 MJ/kg, respectively; however the contents of Ca and TP were low, average were 0.27% and 0.30%. The composition of Amino acids in DDGS was unbalanced, the concentrations of Lys (0.29%) and Trp (0.13%) were especially low. The average concentration of TAA was 14.95% in DDGS, and the average concentration of NEAA was higher than EAA. In this experiment, the content of aflatoxins were extremely low in DDGS, only one sample was examined 0.24μg/kg aflatoxin B2. The results of this experiment indicated that proximate nutrients and AA of DDGS were abundant, contents of CF and Ash were high, while concentrations of Lys and Trp were low, and the composition of AA was unbalanced. There was a great amount of variability in GE,general indexs,proximate nutrients and the content of AA among the different DDGS.Experiment 2 Study on the digestibility of proximate nutrients in DDGS for pigsIn experiment 2, a digestion trial was carried out to determine the apparent digestibilities of DM,CP,EE,CF,NDF,ADF,Ca,TP and GE in nine different DDGS. Twelve Duroc X Landrance X Yolkshire crossbreed pigs (initial BW of 40.0± 2.0 kg) were randomly allotted to 3 groups, and each one contained a 4×4 Latin square design. The Difference Method was used and all the feces through total digestive tract were collected in formal test. Results showed that the apparent digestibilities of DM,CP,EE,CF,NDF,ADF,Ca,TP,and GE in 9 samples of DDGS were from 25.05% to 45.13%,29.00% to 42.60%,35.21% to 72.48%,13.39% to 24.04%,14.76% to 36.24%,21.64% to 32.07%,77.50% to 85.92%,61.98% to 76.70%,31.27% to 52.16%, respectively; while the DE varied from 5.04 MJ/kg to 8.94MJ/kg, average was 6.81 MJ/kg. The results indicated that apparent digestibilities of DM,CP,CF,NDF and ADF was low, by contrast, the apparent digestibilities of EE,Ca and TP was high; the GE was high, while DE was low. There was a big difference among the apparent digestibilities of proximate nutrients and GE in nine different DDGS, but the difference did not represent regionally.Experiment 3 Study on the amino acids ileal digestibility of DDGS for pigsIn experiment 3, twelve Duroc X Landrance X Yolkshire crossbreed barrows (initial BW of 24.09±2.31 kg) fitted with a T-cannula at distal ileum, were randomly allocated into two groups and each one contained a 6 X 6 Latin Square, to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and true ileal digestibility (TID) of AA in eight different DDGS. We used protein free diet (PFD) and The Difference Method, and Chromic oxide (0.4%) was included in all diets as an exogenous marker. Results showed that the average AID and TID of TAA in eight different DDGS were 34.54-48.54% and 42.71-57.29%, the average AID and TID of NEAA were higher than EAA. The average AID of Ser (59.41%) and TID of Met (69.83%) was the highest respectively, in all AA of DDGS. By contrast, the average AID (4.98%) and TID (14.89%) of Lys was the lowest. Among eight DDGS, the AID and TID of each amino acid was different from one to another, especially for Pro, the coefficient of variation (CV) were 98.65% and 91.41%. The TID of samples collected from Qiong Lai were significantly higher than samples from Lu Zhou, Sui Ning and sample D from Yi Bin (p<0.05), and no significantly difference to sample from Cheng Du (p>0.05), but significantly lower than sample C from Yi Bin (p<0.05). The results indicated that AID and TID of TAA in DDGS were low and variable; in all AA, the AID and TID of Lys was the lowest while Ser was the highest. There was also a great amount of variability in AID and TID among different DDGS.Through the three experiments, these results indicated that proximate nutrients and AA of DDGS were abundant, however, their corresponding digestibilities were low; and there was a great amount of variability in proximate nutrients, concentrations of AA and their corresponding digestibilities among the different DDGS. |
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