Research Of Bai Ethnic Group's Courtyard In DaLi

The resident location of buildings show the wisdom of the Bai ethnic people living in Dali city; They also have a regional obvious chatacteristics since its local history development while other cultures have been joined in.Bai's building mostly constructed of brick and wood,which "three Square, screen wall" is his main architectural features.Bai's courtyards make the main component of the formation and style of Bai's residence.they are not only embodied an ancient philosophy that man and God share the whole world but also showed that human beings need to go back to the nature; which make the Bai has its own unique residential architecture.Bai's residence buildings are faced to erhai and leaned by Mountain Cang.Buildings in the courtyard are formed by one storey or two;They are faced to the east of its west block constructing of wood.The courtyard are composed of. host-room,guest-room and a opened hall,and each room is connected by gallery, canopies and etc. "Gate,Courtyard and Room" are the main feartures in the Bai's building construction.Each building in the courtyard is united by the transportation connection and utilization function through the space theory,that the yard and the gallary's connection can make air going freely and have light shining and so on;also the wall,gate and the opened hall are relatively closed space which can defend cold wind and dust outside.It also shows the entertainment functiong of a architecture. Within the architectural form of the character, interweaving time and space of artistic expression,the buildings exhibit an organic blend of indoor and outdoor space, building sequences, transfer, combination, and the incorporation of penetration, and so the natural inside.The courtyard culture relates to the religion of Bai ethnic group like calling it "huazao" when Bai's people start making buildings. White-honored is descented by the ancestors in the Bai's culture and the first-class' clothes are white. Bai people believe in multi-gods, but most worshiped by Bai people is "Bai's ancestor ", the action of welcoming the ancestor are the most solemn ritual. Bai people sacrifice ancestors in the courtyard, Bai residential flat in the middle of residential building space are dedicated to tablets; many folk activities have also reflected in the architecture of the Bai, the folk activities directly affect the size of residential flat buildings.Dali Bai courtyard pay more attention to decoration, decoration of the Bai is a major feature of the architecture of the Bai courtyard houses,a variety of exquisite sculptures and paintings are arranged everywhere, Bai's courtyard and houses decoration are always used impressive color. The gate, doors, windows, opened hall,walls and wand are payed so great attention on decoration; courtyard cornices, brackets painting are distinctive, the first door, cornices, skirtings, window top position are with a carved geometric pattern of lines and pitted stones.As decoration, masonry walls with natural pebbles, also decorated with paint and ink, fresh and elegant, sophisticated technology, in the residential courtyard buildings of Bai can be classic. Painting, clay sculpture, engraving is a decorative feature in Dali Bai courtyard, which make splendid expression of the Bai people's cultural quality and aesthetic taste.