Research On Function Realization Of Automatic Synchronization Of Rural Small Hydropower Station Based On Electric Governor

Synchronizing grid-connected operation is one of the important operational procedures. Automatic synchronization has been currently implemented in large and medium hydropower, but, as economic and technical reasons, electric governor is still applied in a considerable part of the rural small hydropower stations in China, and synchronizing grid-connected operation is still token manually, it is that electric governor is manually control to drive reversing of motor to repeatedly adjust the turbine guide vane opening, in order to achieve frequency modulation, the manual closing and grid-connected operation is carried out when it meets synchronizing conditions. This grid-connected method requires more operators, more labor-intensive and more adjusting time, and it is prone to the closing phenomenon of non-synchronizing. The replacement of the existing electric governor needs high costs, and obsoletes existing equipments, so the economy is unreasonable. The study with the status that most of small hydropower stations with low automated level and backward technology need for technological transformation, which are built in our country in the 80's and taking electric governor, designed a general scheme of rural small hydropower stations, on which the function realization of automatic synchronization was carried out a key research.Based on deeply analyzing and studying the development of small hydropower station automation and synchronizing devices at home and abroad, this study had the actual situation of Suihua City North Forest Happiness Hydropower Station, combined electric governor function with synchronizing function, took single neuron adaptive PID control law to adjust the turbine guide vane opening, designed the automatic synchronizing device based electric governor, and proposed a general scheme combined Single Chip Micyoco (SCM) with distributed control system.The whole control system design could be divided into upper computer system design and lower computer system design. AT89C52 microcontroller was used as the core of the control system in lower computer, in which information collection circuit, A / D converter circuit, FM circuits and other hardware circuits were designed. The turbine guide vane opening were controlled to adjust grid-connected conditions by controlling the power time of AC contactor and combining principles of motor reversing. Upper computer control management system was composed of main interface, parameter reading interface, recording interface, historical data querying interface, alarm modules and so on, which was developed with VB and completed communication tasks with lower computer mainly.Finally, this paper took MATALAB to simulate the grid-connected, results showed that the adaptive PID control reduced the grid-connected time, and made the system have better robustness and stability, to improve the level of rural small hydropower station automation.