Research On The Synthesis Of A New Type Emulsifier And Its Application On Industry Explosive

Polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-trolamine (PIBSA-TEA) and Polyisobutylene succinic anhydride-Monoethanolamine (PIBSA-MEA) as the new type emulsifier were studied by exploring reaction conditions and mechanism in this paper. Its application on emulsion explosive were also studied on safety, detonation properties and storage stability.Synthesis of the new type emulsifier includes two steps. Firstly, polyisobutylene (PIB) and maleic anhydride (MA) were mixed to form polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA). Optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows:under the protection of N2 after the reaction had been gone 30 minutes, MA/PIB mole ratio of 1.7, temperature of 210℃, reaction of time of 7h. Under these conditions, the highest active matter content of PIBSA was obtained. Secondly, PIBSA and trolamine (TEA), monoethanolamine (MEA) reacted to form PIBSA-TEA and PIBSA-MEA. When preparation of the former, the optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows:under the protection of N2, TEA/PIBSA mole ratio of 1.5, temperature of 150℃, reaction of time of 5h. And preparation of PIBSA-MEA, the optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows:under the protection of N2, MEA/PIBSA mole ratio of 1.7, temperature of 140℃, reaction of time of 4h.The new emulsifier had been successfully applied in emulsion explosive.when the content of emulsifier was 2% weight percent the detonation velocity was 5400m/s. At the same time this new emulsifier meet the safety requirements of emulsion explosive.Comparing to polyisobutylene succinimide and Span-80 the new emulsifier possesses better emulsifying capacity and greatly improves the shelf-life of emulsion explosive.