Studies On The Extraction And Antioxidant Characters Of Sarcodon Aspratus (Berk) S.Ito

5 methods were used in this research to extract polysaccharides in Sarcodon aspratus(Berk)S.Ito, there are hot water extraction, alkali extraction, enzyme assisted extraction, ultrasonic wave assisted extraction and microwave assisted extraction. Using response surface method to optimized the two methods which had advantages in extraction efficiency and extraction conditions. By using single factor analysis method best precipitation condition was explored, including best concentrated ratio and ethanol final concentration. Sevage and TCA deproteinization methods were studied.Polysaccharide was hydrolyzed and acetylized, analyzed by gas chromatography. Monosaccharide composition analysis. Contrasting the peak time of standard monosacchar--ide identified monosaccharide categories of sample. Using internal standard method calculated the contained monosaccharides contents and their mole ratio. Polysaccharides antioxidant capacity was evaluated by four aspects:reducing power, ability to remove hydroxyl radicals, ability to remove DPPH radical, oxidation resistance of liposomes. Evaluation the polysaccharide whether it has possibility to be developed as antioxidant.Experiment shows that extraction efficiency of hot water extraction, alkali extraction, cellulase and protease assisted extraction, ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, microwave assisted extraction of polysaccharides are respectively 9.01%,17.17%,20.08%,19.48%, 17.80%and 16.92%. Cellulose enzyme assisted extraction and ultrasonic wave assisted extraction have advantage in extracting conditions and efficiency. Using response surface method to optimize cellulase assisted extraction. When the enzyme adding amount of 610 U/g, the hydrolysis temperature is 48℃, pH was 5.2, water-feed ratio is 40:1 (mL:g), the hydrolysis time of 1 h, water-bath extracting temperature at 90℃, water-bath extracting time 2 h, the extraction efficiency can be increased to 20.10%. Response surface method optimizatd ultrasonic wave assisted extraction, the optimum process conditions are: ultrasonic time is 31 min, water-feed ratio at 21:1 (mL:g), water-bath extraction temperature is 70℃, time is 2 h. On this condition extraction efficiency can be increased to 17.88%. Using single-factor experiment to explore optimum parameters of polysaccharides precipitation. When concentrated ratio is 4:1, ethanol final concentration is 70%, polysaccharides precipitation rate is the highest. Optimum Sevage deproteinization technological conditions is explored, volume ratio of sample solution and Sevage reagent is 4:1, volume ratio of chloroform and normal butanol in Sevage reagents is 5:1, deproteinization times is 4 times, in this conditions protein removal rate can be increased to 50.15%, polysaccharide recovery is 77.45%. The best conditions for the TCA deproteinization is TCA concentration of 5%, deproteinization time of 2 times, protein removal rate can be increased to 44.75%, polysaccharide recovery of 85.46%. Gas chromatography analysis indicated that the hydrolyzed polysaccharide contains arabinose, mannose, glucose and galactose. Their mole ratio is 0.8:4:13.4:3.4. Sarcodon aspratus(Berk)S.Ito polysaccharide has reductive ability, but reducing capacity is weaker than Vc. The scavenging activity of hydroxyl radicals is stong, hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity of the highest polysaccharide concentration (3.6 mg/mL) can achieve 52.27%.Its DPPH free radicals scavenging activity is well and DPPH free radicals scavenging activity of the highest polysaccharide concentration (3.6 mg/mL) can achieve 73.16%. Liposomes oxidation resistance activitity is not good, inhibition ratio of the highest concentration sample had also only reached 34.15%. Sarcodon aspratus(Berk)S.Ito has development potential in antioxidant properties, not only as antistalingagent, but also a potential health care material.