Synthesis Of Decene-based High-Temperature Lubricant Base Oil

Polyol alkyl ether can be prepared by the mixture of the compound which contains at least three hydroxyl groups and olefin, which must add acid catalyst and certain condition(20～250℃,0.5～10bar). On purpose of compounding low solidifying point,high viscosity index, good chemical and thermal stability,high-quality lubricant base oil,this thesis used toluene-p-sulfonic acid as catalyst for compounding multiple ether by 1-decene and polyols, mainly glycerol. The thesis has systematically studied the reaction system of 1-decene and polyol, and compared their etherification reactions.The reaction mechanism has been analyzed for the reaction of glycerol, pentaerythritol with 1-decene. This Experiment used toluene-p-sulfonic acid as catalyst catalyzing the additive reaction of polyol with 1-decene, and comparing the influence of 1-decene fractional conversion, product yield, viscosity, viscosity index, average molecular weight, pour point by different solvents ,reaction temperature, reaction time and seric hindrance at the same time. The products' composition and structure of two reactions from glycerol and pentaerythritol with 1-decene was characterized by IR methods. Solidifying point, molecular-weight and viscosity of product were determined according to National Standards of Test Method To Petroleum And Petroleum Products.Using anhydrous ethanol as solvent in the glycerol and 1-decene reaction showed that the same phase reaction is much more easy than different phase. This Experiment used toluene-p-sulfonic acid as catalyst catalyzing the additive reaction of polyol with 1-decene, and comparing the influence of 1-decene fractional conversion, product yield, viscosity, viscosity index, average molecular weight, pour point by different solvents, reaction temperature, reaction time and the number of different hydroxyl groups at the same time.The studies showed that the glycerol and 1-decene reaction catalyzed by toluene-p-sulfonic acid can make better polyol alkyl ether lubricant based oil with excellent properties of low solidifying point(–30℃), kinematic viscosity of 179.26 mm~2/s and 24.78563 mm~2/s at 40℃and 80℃, high viscosity index(111) and a moderate average molecular weight(492.123) at 180℃, 15 hours. At the same reaction condition, the product capability of 1-dencene with pentaerythritol catalyzed by toluene-p-sulfonic acid is better than glycerol, which means that the seric hindrance has greater impact on the reaction.