A Study On The Operational Efficiency Of Non - Governmental Microfinance Institutions

In the 1970s, the economist Yunus created the Grameen Bank, starting the microcredit services for the poor. The success of microcredit in Bangladesh, causing the world to follow suit and popularity, Our country introduced Bangladesh microfinance model since 1993, microcredit began formal exploration. After over 20 years of development, makes great contributions to rural poverty alleviation, it has also become a strong complement of rural finance. As the earliest MFIs in China----NGO microfinance institutions from more than 300 to current 50, how they developed, whether they have efficiency, both the academics and MFI are focusing on this.This paper consists of six parts. The first part elaborates the analytical background, the research significance, the research mentality and the main research methods, and then summarizes the research content of related literature at home and abroad. The second part defines the concept, feature and classification of NGOs institutions, introduces great value and important functions in detail.Then interprets the basis theory for the development of microfinance. The third part is about the operating efficiency of non-governmental microfinance institutions in China carries on the empirical analysis, first establishing the efficiency evaluation system then choosing DEA-Malmquist model complete analysis on the efficiency of institutions and coming the results. The forth part uses Tobit regression to find the restraints on the development of non-governmental microfinance institutions efficiency, and illustrates the reasons. The fifth part analyses the conclusions of this article, put forward the corresponding policy as well. The sixth part is the conclusion of this article.The empirical results indicate this:in the static efficiency, the efficiency of each NGO institution are most in low levels, and the reasons why this institutions are at low levels are different. From the dynamic efficiency analysis, microfinance institutions index of TFP change in a state of differentiation, most of the institutional efficiency are in growth, but the rate is relatively low.The factors which restrict the development of the microfinance institutions main reason is technological progress, the second is scale management. And the less developed in one region, the higher efficiency of the NGO institutions. Therefore, in terms of this situation, This paper puts forward this suggestions:first, increasing government support, broaden the financing channels;second, Optimization operation way, improving the management tecliniques; third, seeking transformation actively, exploring new direction.