| This paper based on Yunnan Province over the years statistical yearbook of municipalities, state and county data, using the Gini coefficient, weighted variation coefficient testimonies measured the income gap of Yunnan Province interior rural residents and the counties’ farmers income gap of the east region of Yunnan, central region of Yunnan, western region of Yunnan. Describes the status of the income gap between the three regions, and analysis the main factors affecting the income gap between the regions. Research conclusions have theoretical significance and practical guiding significance. It can not only help us to understand the causes of the rural income gap in the western region, but also can provide practical measures for the development of rural poverty alleviation policy.The main conclusions of this paper : in the seven years from 2007 to 2013, the largest income gap is in 2009 and 2010, the Gini coefficient is respectively 0.3118 and 0.3110. In terms of income gap, using the multi subunit Gini coefficient decomposition method to decompose the 2010 indices of inequality, decomposition results show that: rural income gap mainly from internal gap in the region, that is internal resources and endowments in various areas exist differences, the contribution to the overall rate is 86.24%, the contribution of the income gap within the central area of Yunnan Province to the overall income gap rate is 33.34%. But the Gini coefficient in eastern and western is highest, which were more than 0.5. The income gap between the three regions to the overall gap is 13.76%, and from human capital, physical capital and natural resources, social capital and the production of burden these five aspects, analysis the main factors affecting the income gap, and the amount of investment in fixed assets and the degree of education of the labor force in the per capita state was negatively correlated with income inequality, flue-cured tobacco planting proportion is positive correlated with income inequality, water and electricity is the most basic conditions for agricultural production can also cause regional disparities in the income of the farmers.In addition, the article also use the sources of income and expenditure to analysis the decomposition of inequality index, we found that the main source of income of rural households are family operational income, but also it is the main cause of farmers’ income inequality, and the main operational income is the farm income, the difference of agricultural income is the main factor of Yunnan regional income inequality in rural differences. Among the expenditures, consumption expenditure proportion of the total expenditure of up to 61.36%, the contribution rate is the highest which is up to 54.11% unequal situation, food consumption expenditure accounted for up to 29.38%, indicating that meet the basic needs of life which is still the primary choice of most farmers.For the income gap between farmers in Yunnan county phenomenon, we propose the following policy recommendations: on income distribution policy, by increasing Social Security Income way of the middle-income and the low-income population in eastern Yunnan and western Yunnan cities to reduce income gap between two regions. The achieve the national co-ordination of social insurance as soon as possible, only this way we can transferred the part social insurance of the high-income population to the low-income population. The government should increase transfer payments according to local conditions, support poverty and decrease the big gap between regions differently use financial investment. Government of Yunnan province should increase investment in education of county farmers, improve their quality. Support local township enterprises, improve their technological content and expand production scale, in order to absorb more rural labor force and bringing non-agricultural income. The Government should effectively reduce the burden of farmers, improve rural taxation tax system. |
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