Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging System Simulation And Speckle Noise Characteristics

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging is an important method of the detection and remote sensing observation, which has a broad prospect of military and civilian. How to SAR imaging process and system simulation is effective way to reveal the mechanism of the imaging system, verify imaging algorithm and design new imaging algorithms.This thesis is supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program (863 Program). Based on a more systematic introduction to synthetic aperture radar imaging principle of the echo, the impact of topography and geometric target imaging and noise characteristics of SAR images, echo signal simulation in SAR imaging process and the imaging simulation system of specific surface scene with object-oriented analysis and design method were finished.The main content of this paper is concluded as follows:(1).Discussed the synthetic aperture radar imaging principle, Range Doppler algorithm, combined with the characteristics of echo data, we get the matlab program of the RD algorithm and the imaging simulation on this basis.(2).Through the establishment of goals and three-dimensional terrain model, the mathematical modeling and simulation with geometric distortion characteristics such as shadow of overlapping cover were got on the SAR imaging process, also the simulation results for the corresponding simulation modules with Creator and Vega-based visual simulation software for the secondary development.(3).Based on SAR noise images of the statistical properties, the speckle noise in SAR amplitude image was statistically modeled and analysed. By establishment of SAR image speckle noise model parameter estimation by maximum likelihood estimation and fitting to the histogram, we confirmed multiplicative noise more reasonable than additive noise and verified the distribution of noise.(4).Combine with established models and use simulation software to achieve a number of complex real-time scenes of SAR image simulation. Not only the specific relation between time and space of SAR and various parameters on the impact of imaging are considered, but also the geometric characteristics of the various features of the impact of imaging. System architecture mainly through ground-based object modeling by the Creator ,as well as Radar Work module of the Vega to get target image simulation, and combined with VC++ programming language, the establishment of the entire SAR simulation framework, to achieve the objects simulation of real-time imaging on the ground .