Magnetron Injection Electron Gun Study

The microwave tube which was born in 1930's, acting as heart of Radar and communication system, played an important role in WORLD WARⅡ. Until 1960's, it is still the most important electron devices for military affairs and civilian uses, since 1990's, the small power microwave tube was replaced by the semiconductor's devices, but the microwave tube has absolute priority in the condition of high power and high frequency, even adopt power synthesize, the output power of semiconductor's devices still can't competitive with microwave tube in the very long time. The microwave tube is a device which builds on the base of the interacting of electron beam and electromagnetic fields, the most stands out merit of these devices is it have the ability of high power output, the electron beam in these devices can be accelerated nearly to velocity of light and with high energy. The microwave tube development to the high power and wild-band, it bring forward higher demand to the parameters of electron beam ,the most important request is improve the coefficient of guide-current ,so it can get biggish current under the low voltage, thus it can not only realize the high beam power but also can alleviate the burden of tube, in the same time ,the band of frequency will be increased with conductance ,so design a high performance and high conductance electron gun is an important task in the design of electron gun ,supported by the item of"863 plan"of country's science and natural, this paper has researched and designed a single magnetic injection gun for 220GHz Gyrotron and a Kino gun for backward wave oscillator of X band, by simulation of the soft magic, get a series of meaningful conclusion.The main work and innovations of this paper are listed as follows:First, detailed study on the basis theory and computer method of electron optics Second, be familiar with particle simulation soft of magic, detailed know and theory analyze to the design of magnetic injection gun, designed and optimized to the single magnetic injection gun by the soft of magic, the influence factor to the velocity ration and spread of velocity such as magnetic, the structure of electron gun, beam current etc have been taken into account, it provides bases theory for the single magnetic injection gun.Third, through researching, design a single magnetic injection gun for 220GHz Gyrotron and simulation to the whole tube ,research the influence factor to the output power such as beam voltage, beam current ,the ration of velocity and magnetic.Forth, research and design a magnetic injection gun for backward wave oscillator of X band ---Kino gun, analyze the influence of beam voltage and beam current to the performance of electron beam, and by simulation, analyze the electron beam's influence to the output power.