Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Energy Clustering Routing Protocol Research And Design

The wireless sensor network consists of a large quantity of sensor nodes whose power,calculation ability and bandwidth are so limited that traditional wireless routing protocol is not suitable for wireless sensor network,it is the key point to save power and prolong the lifetime of network in the research of wireless sensor network.Many new algorithms have been proposed for routing data in sensor network some researchers assimilating are years.Analyed and routing protocols proposed by oversea compared in the paper and on the basis of the excellent idea among them,an improved routing algorithm is proposed.First,the structure,features,application fields and the way to keep power of wireless sensor network effective is generalized in this dissertation.Second,the current routing protocols of wireless sensor network are analyzed,aiming at the disadvantage that the protocols have high power dissipation and short lifetime.This paper concerned on the heterogeneous clustering algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks to save energy,we propose the improved LEACH-Uneven Cluster algorithm(LEACH-UC) based on LEACH,which is an uneven cluster-based multihop routing protocol for wireless sensor network at the performance of a two-class heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.In the new clustering scheme,cluster-heads are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of node and the average energy of network.The high initial and residual energy nodes will have more chances to be the cluster-heads than the low energy nodes.In the algorithm tentative cluster heads use uneven competition ranges to construct clusters of uneven sizes.The clusters closer to the sink have smaller sizes than those farther away from the sink,thus the nodes closer to the sink can preserve some energy for the inter-cluster data forwarding, to achieve balanced energy consumption across the networks.Simulation on NS2 platform demonstrates that the improve routing protocol enables the whole network has long lifetime and higher throughput than the current important clustering protocols in heterogeneous environments.