Wireless Sensor Network Coverage And Node Deployment

Wireless sensor networks(WSN) which integrates the technology of sensor technology, micro-electro-mechanical systems technology, wireless communications, and digital electronics, has been highly noticed by governments, research institutions and companies. It has been predicted to have a wide range of applications related to national security, military, environment, health care, home and other commercial areas. This thesis focuses on the problems of coverage and sensor deployment in the WSN.Coverage is one of the basic problems of WSN. WSN are composed of a large number of self-powered sensor nodes which are relied on battery power. The network's life is influenced by the battery capacity and it's difficult to charge or replace the battery. Coverage can not only ensure the normal work, but also affects the entire energy consumption, survival time and quality of service. So, research on the issue of coverage is very meaningful.Node deployment is the first step in designing sensor networks and the foundation of normal work. Only the sensor nodes are arranged in the target area, other jobs and the optimization can be carried on. The sensor node's deployment divides into the random deployment and manual deployment. It is necessary to use manual deployment in some special application environments.This thesis first introduces the origin and research background of WSN, analyzes the present situation of domestic and foreign research on WSN, illustrates the relative technologies and summarizes the characteristics of WSN.Next, it introduces several kinds of coverage models and analyzes their basic theories, methods of implementation, advantages and disadvantages. By these analyses, a coverage control algorithm based on k-coverage degree is proposed.Thirdly, it proposes a sensor node deployment algorithm based on honeycomb grid and proves it's effectiveness through simulation experiment.Finally, it researches the life of inner layer nodes and outer layer nodes and proposes an ideal deployment model.